background:
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. They show extensive diversity in tissue distribution and in their subcellular localization. CA IX is a transmembrane protein and the only tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme known. It is expressed in all clear-cell renal cell carcinoma, but is not detected in normal kidney or most other normal tissues. It may be involved in cell proliferation and transformation. This gene was mapped to 17q21.2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization, however, radiation hybrid mapping localized it to 9p13-p12. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Function:
Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Participates in pH regulation. May be involved in the control of cell proliferation and transformation. Appears to be a novel specific biomarker for a cervical neoplasia.
Subunit:
Forms oligomers linked by disulfide bonds.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus. Nucleus, nucleolus. Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell projection, microvillus membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Note=Found on the surface microvilli and in the nucleus, particularly in nucleolus.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed primarily in carcinoma cells lines. Expression is restricted to very few normal tissues and the most abundant expression is found in the epithelial cells of gastric mucosa.
Similarity:
Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 768 Human
Entrez Gene: 230099 Mouse
Omim: 603179 Human
SwissProt: Q16790 Human
SwissProt: Q8VHB5 Mouse
Unigene: 63287 Human
Unigene: 283682 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
碳酸酐酶9（carbonic anhydrase IX，CA IX）是新发现的碳酸酐酶家族异构体之一，是由酸性氨基酸组成的跨膜糖蛋白，在调控细胞增殖、转化方面有重要作用。
碳酸酐酶9能催化CO2水解为碳酸和水，参与机体的酸碱平衡，调节细胞内外pH值，易导致肿瘤的生长和转移，目前也是子宫肿瘤新的标记物。
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