This gene encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor. A highly similar mouse protein specifically activates ras-related C3 botulinum substrate 1, converting this Rho-like guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) from a guanosine diphosphate-bound inactive state to a guanosine triphosphate-bound active state. The encoded protein may play a role in neural cell development. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Function:
Modulates the activity of RHO-like proteins and connects extracellular signals to cytoskeletal activities. Acts as a GDP-dissociation stimulator protein that stimulates the GDP-GTP exchange activity of RHO-like GTPases and activates them. Mediates extracellular laminin signals to activate Rac1, contributing to neurite growth. Involved in lamellipodial formation and advancement of the growth cone of embryonic hippocampal neurons. Promotes migration of neurons in the cerebral cortex. When overexpressed, induces membrane ruffling accompanied by the accumulation of actin filaments along the altered plasma membrane (By similarity). Activates specifically RAC1, but not CDC42 and RHOA.
Subunit:
Interacts with MAP1A, MAP1B, PARP1 and YWHAE. Interacts with CD44, PARD3 and MAPK8IP2 (By similarity).
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Cell projection > lamellipodium. Cell projection > filopodium. Cell projection > growth cone. Localizes to the plasma membrane in neurites.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in the occipital, frontal and temporal lobes, cerebellum, putamen and testis.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues. Phosphorylated on Thr-1648 by Rho-kinase. Its phosphorylation by Rho-kinase inhibits its guanine nucleotide exchange activity, its interaction with MAP1A, MAP1B, PARP1 and YWHAE and reduces its ability to promote neurite growth.
Similarity:
Belongs to the TIAM family.
Contains 1 DH (DBL-homology) domain.
Contains 1 PDZ (DHR) domain.
Contains 2 PH domains.
Contains 1 RBD (Ras-binding) domain.
SWISS:
Q8IVF5
Gene ID:
26230
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 26230 Human
Entrez Gene: 4801 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 308142 Rat
Omim: 604709 Human
SwissProt: Q8IVF5 Human
SwissProt: Q6ZPF3 Mouse
Unigene: 586279 Human
Unigene: 137134 Mouse
|
|
