The protein encoded by this gene is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. It is a receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA) and can also interact with other ligands, such as osteopontin, collagens, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This protein participates in a wide variety of cellular functions including lymphocyte activation, recirculation and homing, hematopoiesis, and tumor metastasis. Transcripts for this gene undergo complex alternative splicing that results in many functionally distinct isoforms, however, the full length nature of some of these variants has not been determined. Alternative splicing is the basis for the structural and functional diversity of this protein, and may be related to tumor metastasis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Function:
Receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA). Mediates cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions through its affinity for HA, and possibly also through its affinity for other ligands such as osteopontin, collagens, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Adhesion with HA plays an important role in cell migration, tumor growth and progression. Also involved in lymphocyte activation, recirculation and homing, and in hematopoiesis. Altered expression or dysfunction causes numerous pathogenic phenotypes. Great protein heterogeneity due to numerous alternative splicing and post-translational modification events.
Subunit:
Interacts with PKN2 (By similarity). Interacts with HA, as well as other glycosaminoglycans, collagen, laminin, and fibronectin via its N-terminal segment. Interacts with ANK, the ERM proteins (VIL2, RDX and MSN), and NF2 via its SLCterminal segment.
Subcellular Location:
Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Note=Colocalizes with actin in membrane protrusions at wounding edges.
Tissue Specificity:
Isoform 10 (epithelial isoform) is expressed by cells of epithelium and highly expressed by carcinomas. Expression is repressed in neuroblastoma cells.
Post-translational modifications:
Proteolytically cleaved in the extracellular matrix by specific proteinases (possibly MMPs) in several cell lines and tumors.
N- and O-glycosylated. O-glycosylation contains more-or-less-sulfated chondroitin sulfate glycans, whose number may affect the accessibility of specific proteinases to their cleavage site(s). It is uncertain if O-glycosylation occurs on Thr-637 or Thr-638.
Phosphorylated; activation of PKC results in the dephosphorylation of Ser-706 (constitutive phosphorylation site), and the phosphorylation of Ser-672.
Similarity:
Contains 1 Link domain.
SWISS:
P16070
Gene ID:
960
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 281057 Cow
Entrez Gene: 960 Human
Entrez Gene: 12505 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 100301546 Rabbit
Entrez Gene: 25406 Rat
Omim: 107269 Human
SwissProt: Q29423 Cow
SwissProt: P16070 Human
SwissProt: P15379 Mouse
SwissProt: P26051 Rat
Unigene: 502328 Human
Unigene: 423621 Mouse
Unigene: 1120 Rat
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Sample:
Lane 1: MDA-MB-231 (Human) Cell Lysate at 30 ug
Lane 2: U251 (Human) Cell Lysate at 30 ug
Lane 3: A549 (Human) Cell Lysate at 30 ug
Primary: Anti-CD44 (SLM51065M) at 1/1000 dilution
Secondary: IRDye800CW Goat Anti-Mouse IgG at 1/20000 dilution
Predicted band size: 82 kD
Observed band size: 85 kD
Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (human pancreatic cancer); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (CD44) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (SLM51065M) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Mouse)(sp-0024) instructionsand DAB staining.
Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (human tonsil); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (CD44) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (SLM51065M) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Mouse)(sp-0024) instructionsand DAB staining.
Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (human colon carcinoma); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (CD44) Polyclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (SLM51065M) at 1:200 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Mouse)(sp-0024) instructionsand DAB staining.
Paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin embedded (Human pancreatic cancer); Antigen retrieval by boiling in sodium citrate buffer (pH6.0) for 15min; Block endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide for 20 minutes; Blocking buffer (normal goat serum) at 37°C for 30min; Antibody incubation with (CD44) Monoclonal Antibody, Unconjugated (SLM51065M) at 1:400 overnight at 4°C, followed by operating according to SP Kit(Mouse) (sp-0024) instructionsand DAB staining.
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