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Rabbit Anti-HLA B27/HLAB/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules form an integral part of the immune response system. They are cell-surface receptors that bind peptides and present them to T lymphocytes. Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) are polymorphic members of the MHC family that are specifically involved in the presentation of antigens to the T cell receptor. There are two classes of HLA antigens: class I (HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-C) and class II (HLA-D). Class I molecules are expressed in nearly all cells and play a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from the endoplasmic reticulum. The differential structural properties of MHC class I and class II molecules account for their respective roles in activating different populations of T lymphocytes. HLA-B encodes a membrane anchored heavy chain which hetero-dimerizes with a light chain (∫-2-Microglobulin) to form MHSLCI. Polymorphisms yield hundreds of HLA-B alleles. The HLA-B27 allele appears with increased frequency in uveitis patients.
Function:
Involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system. HLA B belongs to the HLA class I heavy chain paralogues. This class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta 2 microglobulin). The heavy chain is anchored in the membrane. Class I molecules play a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from the endoplasmic reticulum lumen. They are expressed in nearly all cells.
Subunit:
Heterodimer of an alpha chain and a beta chain (beta-2-microglobulin). Interacts with human herpesvirus 8 MIR1 protein
Subcellular Location:
Single-pass type 1 membrane protein
Post-translational modifications:
Polyubiquitinated in a post ER compartment by interaction with human herpesvirus 8 MIR1 protein. This targets the protein for rapid degradation via the ubiquitin system
DISEASE:
Defects in HLA-B are a cause of susceptibility to spondyloarthropathy type 1 (SPDA1) [MIM:106300]. It is a chronic rheumatic disease with multifactorial inheritance. It includes a spectrum of related disorders comprising ankylosing spondylitis, a subset of psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis (e.g. Reiter syndrome), arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease and undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy. These disorders may occur simultaneously or sequentially in the same patient, probably representing various phenotypic expressions of the same disease. Ankylosing spondylitis is the form of rheumatoid arthritis affecting the spine and is considered the prototype of seronegative spondyloarthropathies. It produces pain and stiffness as a result of inflammation of the sacroiliac, intervertebral, and costovertebral joints. Note=In the Greek Cypriot population, a restricted number of HLA-B27 subtypes are associated with ankylosing spondylitis and other B27-related diseases and an elevated frequency of the B*2702 allele in ankylosing spondylitis patients is identified. The allele B*2707 seems to have a protective role in this population because it was found only in the healthy controls.
Similarity:
Belongs to the MHC class I family.
Contains 1 Ig-like C1-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 3106 Human
Omim: 142830 Human
SwissProt: P03989 Human
Unigene: 77961 Human
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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