background:
OPA1 is a 120kDa protein belonging to the dynamin family. The OPA1 gene has been localized to 3q29. The gene is targeted to mitochondria and is involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. Defects in OPA1 are a cause of optic atrophy type 1. OPA1 is mostly expressed in retina but can also be expressed in brain, testis, heart and skeletal muscle.
Function:
Dynamin-related GTPase required for mitochondrial fusion and regulation of apoptosis. May form a diffusion barrier for proteins stored in mitochondrial cristae. Proteolytic processing in response to intrinsic apoptotic signals may lead to disassembly of OPA1 oligomers and release of the caspase activator cytochrome C (CYCS) into the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
Subcellular Location:
Mitochondrion inner membrane. Mitochondrion intermembrane space.
Tissue Specificity:
Highly expressed in retina. Also expressed in brain, testis, heart and skeletal muscle. Isoform 1 expressed in retina, skeletal muscle, heart, lung, ovary, colon, thyroid gland, leukocytes and fetal brain. Isoform 2 expressed in colon, liver, kidney, thyroid gland and leukocytes. Low levels of all isoforms expressed in a variety of tissues.
Post-translational modifications:
PARL-dependent proteolytic processing releases an antiapoptotic soluble form not required for mitochondrial fusion.
DISEASE:
Defects in OPA1 are a cause of optic atrophy type 1 (OPA1) [MIM:165500]. OPA1 is a dominantly inherited optic neuropathy occurring in 1 in 50,000 individuals that features progressive loss in visual acuity leading, in many cases, to legal blindness.
Defects in OPA1 are the cause of optic atrophy 1 with deafness (OPA1D) [MIM:125250]. Some individuals with mutations in OPA1 manifest also ophthalmoplegia and myopathy.
Similarity:
Belongs to the dynamin family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 42980 Chicken
Entrez Gene: 4976 Human
Entrez Gene: 74143 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 171116 Rat
Omim: 605290 Human
SwissProt: O60313 Human
SwissProt: P58281 Mouse
SwissProt: Q2TA68 Rat
Unigene: 594504 Human
Unigene: 274285 Mouse
Unigene: 9783 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
|
|