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Rabbit Anti-CLSTN1/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
Members of the calsyntenin protein family are localized to the post-synaptic membrane of exicitatory central nervous system (CNS) synapses. Calsyntenin-1, also known as CSTN1, PIK3CD, Alzheimer-related cadherin-like protein, non-classical cadherin XB31alpha, KIAA0911, ALSLCALPHA, alcalpha1, alcalpha2 or FLJ32258, is a 981 amino acid single-pass type I membrane protein that localizes to the membrane of endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cell projections and postsynaptic cells. Expressed in brain, calsyntenin-1 is also found at lower levels in placenta, skeletal muscle, heart and kidney. Calsyntenin-1 binds synaptic Ca2+ with its cytoplasmic domain and plays a role in extracellular proteolysis. Calsyntenin-1 is also known to form a complex with X11 Beta and APP to suppress the metabolic cleavage of APP, and docks vesicular cargo to KLC1. Calsyntenin-1 may be related to the development or progression of Alzheimer’s disease, and two calsyntenin-1 isoforms are produced as a result of alternative splicing events.
Function:
Induces KLC1 association with vesicles and functions as a cargo in axonal anterograde transport. Complex formation with APBA2 and APP, stabilizes APP metabolism and enhances APBA2-mediated suppression of beta-APP40 secretion, due to the retardation of intracellular APP maturation. In complex with APBA2 and C99, a SLCterminal APP fragment, abolishes C99 interaction with PSEN1 and thus APP C99 cleavage by gamma-secretase, most probably through stabilization of the direct interaction between APBA2 and APP. The intracellular fragment AlcICD suppresses APBB1-dependent transactivation stimulated by APP SLCterminal intracellular fragment (AICD), most probably by competing with AICD for APBB1-binding. May modulate calcium-mediated postsynaptic signals.
Subunit:
Directly interacts with APBA2. Forms a tripartite complex with APBA2 and APP. The CTF1 chain interacts with PSEN1. The intracellular fragment AlcICD interacts with APBB1; this interaction stabilizes AlcICD metabolism. Interacts with KLC1 and APBB1
Subcellular Location:
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Golgi apparatus membrane. Cell projection. Cell junction > synapse > postsynaptic cell membrane. Nucleus. Neurite tips. Localized in the postsynaptic membrane of both excitatory and inhibitory synapses (By similarity). The AlcICD fragment is translocated to the nucleus upon interaction with APBB1.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in the brain and, a lower level, in the heart, skeletal muscle, kidney and placenta. Accumulates in dystrophic neurites around the amyloid core of Alzheimer disease senile plaques (at protein level).
Post-translational modifications:
Proteolytically processed under normal cellular conditions. A primary zeta-cleavage generates a large extracellular (soluble) N-terminal domain (sAlc) and a short SLCterminal transmembrane fragment (CTF1). A secondary cleavage catalyzed by presenilin gamma-secretase within the transmembrane domain releases the beta-Alc-alpha chain in the extracellular milieu and produces an intracellular fragment (AlcICD). This processing is strongly suppressed in the tripartite complex formed with APBA2 and APP, which seems to prevent the association with PSEN1.
Similarity:
Contains 2 cadherin domains.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 22883 Human
Entrez Gene: 65945 Mouse
Omim: 611321 Human
SwissProt: O94985 Human
SwissProt: Q9EPL2 Mouse
Unigene: 29665 Human
Unigene: 38993 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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