background:
RAI3 is an transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor that affects many essential biological processes including embryogenesis, cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. RAI3 may also be involved in maintaining homeostasis of epithelial cells. Retinoic acid receptors directly regulate RAI3 during its transcription in embryonal carcinoma differentiation. RAI3 expression is upregulated in most tumor cell lines that express mutant p53, suggesting that p53 interacts with the promoter of RAI3 and represses its expression at the beginning of apoptosis. RAI3 is a potential molecular target for diagnosing breast cancer, and selective suppression of signals from RAI3 may have a place in breast cancer treatments.
Function:
Unknown. This G-protein coupled receptor could be involved in modulating differentiation and maintaining homeostasis of epithelial cells. The comparable expression level in fetal lung and kidney with adult tissues suggests a possible role in embryonic development and maturation of these organs. This retinoic acid-inducible GPCR provide evidence for a possible interaction between retinoid and G-protein signaling pathways.
Subcellular Location:
Cell membrane. Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane. Localized in the plasma membrane and perinuclear vesicles.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed at high level in fetal and adult lung tissues. Constitutively expressed in fetal kidney and adult placenta, kidney, prostate, testis, ovary, small intestine, colon, stomach, and spinal chord at low to moderate levels. Not detectable in fetal heart, brain, and liver and adult heart, brain, liver, skeletal muscle, pancreas, spleen, thymus, and peripheral leukocytes. According to PubMed:10783259, expressed at low but detectable level in pancreas and heart.
Similarity:
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 9052 Human
Entrez Gene: 232431 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 312790 Rat
Omim: 604138 Human
SwissProt: Q8NFJ5 Human
SwissProt: Q8SHL4 Mouse
Unigene: 631733 Human
Unigene: 23575 Mouse
Unigene: 477015 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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