background:
Cell cycle progression is controlled in part by a family of cyclin proteins and cyclin dependent kinases (Cdks). Cdk proteins work in concert with cyclins to phosphorylate key substrates involved in cell cycle progression. Another family of proteins, Cdk inhibitors, also play a role in regulating the cell cycle by binding to cyclin-Cdk complexes and modulating their activity. Members of the Cdk family include Cdk2–Cdk8, PCTAIRE-1–3, PITALRE and PITSLRE. PCTAIRE-1, PCTAIRE-2 and PCTAIRE-3 comprise a subfamily of cdc2-related serine/threonine kinases. PCTAIRE-1, which is expressed primarily in mammalian brain, interacts with a variety of proteins and is thought to be part of a multiple signal transduction cascade. PCTAIRE-2, also expressed in brain, may be important in terminally differentiated neurons.
Function:
PCTAIREs are members of a subfamily of Cdc2-related kinases that are preferentially expressed in post-mitotic cells. PCTAIRE 2 is specifically expressed in the brain. Within the brain, PCTAIRE 2 is concentrated in the neuronal layers of the hippocampus and olfactory bulb, which mostly consist of post-mitotic neurons. In an immunocytochemical study, immunoreactivity for PCTAIRE 2 was detected in the cell bodies and extended neurites of neurons, but not in astrocytes. The PCTAIRE 2 protein is recovered in the particulate fraction and is resistant to solubilization with non-ionic detergent, suggesting that PCTAIRE 2 might be present as a component of a large protein complex. An immunoprecipitation assay revealed that the PCTAIRE 2 is associated with Ser/Thr-phosphorylating activity for histone H1, and that its activity depends on association with a regulatory partner that can be released under high-salt conditions. These findings suggest that PCTAIRE 2 is a Ser/Thr kinase that might play a unique role in terminally differentiated neurons.
Subunit:
Found in a complex containing CABLES1, CDK16 and TDRD7. Interacts with TDRD7
Similarity:
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
Database links:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q00537.2
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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