background:
The amphoterin-induced gene and ORF (AMIGO) family of proteins consists of AMIGO-1, AMIGO-2 and AMIGO-3. All three members are single pass type I membrane proteins that contain several leucine-rich repeats, one IgG domain, and a transmembrane domain. The AMIGO proteins are specifically expressed on fiber tracts of neuronal tissues and participate in their formation. The AMIGO proteins can form complexes with each other, but can also bind itself. AMIGO-1, also designated Alivin-2, promotes growth and fasciculation of neurites and plays a role in myelination and fasciculation of developing neural axons. In cerebellar neurons, AMIGO-2 (Alivin-1) is crucial for depolarization-dependent survival. Similar to AMIGO-1 and AMIGO-2, AMIGO-3 (Alivin-3) plays a role in homophilic and/or heterophilic cell-cell interaction and signal transduction.
Function:
A novel primary response gene, AMIGO2, is an activity-dependent gene and promotes survival of neurons. Sequence analyses reveal that rat, mouse, and human AMIGO2 proteins contain seven leucine-rich repeats, one IgC2-like loop and a transmembrane domain, and display homology to Kek and Trk families. Results suggest that expression of ali1 promotes depolarization-dependent survival of the granule neuron. Mouse AMIGO2 was mapped to a locus approximately 55.3 cm from the centromere on chromosome 15 that is syntenic to positional candidate loci for familial Alzheimer's disease type 5 and Parkinson's disease 8 on human chromosome 12.
Subunit:
Binds itself as well as AMIGO1 and AMIGO3 (By similarity).
Subcellular Location:
Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Nucleus. Note: Associated with nucleus as well as plasma membrane. Restricted to somata of cerebellar as well as hippocampal neurons By
Tissue Specificity:
Highest levels in breast, ovary, cervix, and uterus. Lower levels in lung, colon, and rectum. Differentially expressed in 56% of thyroid, 57% of pancreatic and 45% of stomach cancers.
Similarity:
Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. AMIGO family.
Contains 1 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain.
Contains 6 LRR (leucine-rich) repeats.
Contains 1 LRRCT domain.
Contains 1 LRRNT domain.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 347902 Human
SwissProt: Q86SJ2 Human
Unigene: 121520 Human
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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