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Rabbit Anti-CRY2/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
Circadian clocks are biological timepieces that regulate hormonal rhythms, sleep cycles and feeding behaviors. These rhythms are generated in the superchiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a cell-autonomous circadian oscillator located within the brain that is synchronized with the environment by light. A number of transcription factors, including Clock and BMAL1, are molecular components of the SCN that induce the expression of proteins involved in light/dark cycle entrainment, which include Per1 and Per2. Tim, for timeless, generates a negative feedback loop that regulates the activity of Clock by suppressing the expression of Clock target genes. Tim forms heterodimers with Per1 and Per2 that bind Clock and block the activation of Clock-BMAL1 dimers to repress Per gene expression. Additionally, the CRY proteins, which are cryptochrome photoreceptors for the circadian clock, function as light-independent inhibitors of the circadian clock. CRY1 and CRY2 negatively regulate SCN components by associating with the activators Clock-BMAL1, and also with the various feedback inhibitors Per1, Per2 and Tim.
Function:
Blue light-dependent regulator of the circadian feedback loop. Inhibits CLOCK
NPAS2-ARNTL E box-mediated transcription. Acts, in conjunction with CRY2, in maintaining period length and circadian rhythmicity. Has no photolyase activity. Capable of translocating circadian clock core proteins such as PER proteins to the nucleus. May inhibit CLOCK
NPAS2-ARNTL transcriptional activity through stabilizing the unphosphorylated form of ARNTL.
Subunit:
Component of the circadian core oscillator, which includes the CRY proteins, CLOCK or NPAS2, ARNTL or ARNTL2, CSNK1D and/or CSNK1E, TIMELESS, and the PER proteins. Interacts directly with PER1 and PER2 SLCterminal domains. Interaction with PER2 inhibits its ubiquitination and vice versa. Interacts with NFIL3. Interacts with FBXL3.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Translocated to the nucleus through interaction with other Clock proteins such as PER2 or ARNTL.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in all tissues examined including fetal brain, fibroblasts, heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, ovary, small intestine, colon and leukocytes. Highest levels in heart and skeletal muscle.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylation on Ser-266 by MAPK is important for the inhibition of CLOCK-ARNTL-mediated transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation by CSKNE requires interaction with PER1 or PER2.
Ubiquitinated by the SCF(FBXL3) and SCF(FBXL21) complex, leading to its degradation.
Similarity:
Belongs to the DNA photolyase class-1 family.
Contains 1 DNA photolyase domain.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 1408 Human
Entrez Gene: 12953 Mouse
Omim: 603732 Human
SwissProt: Q49AN0 Human
SwissProt: Q9R194 Mouse
Unigene: 532491 Human
Unigene: 254181 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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