background:
G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs), also known as seven transmembrane receptors, heptahelical receptors or 7TM receptors, comprise a superfamily of proteins that play a role in many different stimulus-response pathways. G protein coupled receptors translate extracellular signals into intracellular signals (G protein activation) and they respond to a variety of signaling molecules, such as hormones and neurotransmitters. GPR154 (G-protein coupled receptor 154), also known as NPSR1 (neuropeptide S receptor), GPRA (G-protein coupled receptor for asthma susceptibility) or PGR14, is a 371 amino acid protein that is thought to play a role in autocrine or paracrine signaling pathways. Ubiquitously expressed, GPR154 exists as nine alternatively spliced isoforms. Defects in the gene encoding GPR154 is the cause of asthma-related traits type 2 (ASRT2).
Function:
Neuropeptide S receptor 1 (GPR154) is a receptor for Neuropeptide S. It is expressed on the epithelia of several organs including the intestine, and appears to be upregulated in inflammation. It is upregulated in macrophages after antigen challenge and is involved in the pathogenesis of asthma and other IgE-mediated diseases.
Subcellular Location:
Cell Membrane and Cytoplasmic
Tissue Specificity:
Ubiquitous. Isoform 1 is predominantly expressed in smooth muscle. Isoform 4 is predominantly expressed in epithelial cells. In bronchial biopsies, it is expressed in smooth muscle cells of asthma patients, but not in control patients; whereas in epithelial cells, its expression is consistently stronger in asthma patients.
DISEASE:
Defects in NPSR1 are a cause of asthma-related traits type 2 (ASRT2) [MIM:608584]. Asthma-related traits include clinical symptoms of asthma, such as coughing, wheezing, dyspnea, bronchial hyperresponsiveness as assessed by methacholine challenge test, serum IgE levels, atopy and atopic dermatitis.
Similarity:
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Vasopressin/oxytocin receptor subfamily.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 387129 Human
Entrez Gene: 319239 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 300458 Rat
Omim: 608595 Human
SwissProt: Q6W5P4 Human
SwissProt: Q8BZP8 Mouse
SwissProt: P0C0L6 Rat
Unigene: 652373 Human
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
神经肽S(neuropeptide S,NPS)是2002年发现的一种神经肽,由20个氨基酸组成,通过激活其受体NPSR而发挥作用。NPS/NPSR系统参与调节觉醒和睡眠、焦虑、摄食、免疫等功能。神经肽S（neuropeptide S，NPS），通过激活其同源受体（NPSR），并引发细胞内 Ca2+动员，进而调控失眠和忧虑，具有提高实验动物的清醒程度以及有减少焦虑的作用。
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