background:
In all vertebrates, SV2 proteins are abundant, hydrophobic, membrane glycoproteins that are expressed as two major isoforms, SV2A and SV2B, and one minor isoform, SV2C. SV2 proteins are differentially expressed in the brain and are present on all synaptic vesicles, independent of transmitter type. SV2A is abundantly expressed in the subcortex, specifically in the synaptic vesicles of all presynaptic nerve terminals, and also in most neuroendocrine secretory granules. SV2B displays a more restricted pattern of expression in that it is only present on a small subset of synapses in the hippocampus and cortex. SV2A and SV2B are funtionally redundant and are required for maintaining normal brain function in vertebrates. SV2A and SV2B mediate synaptic transmission by regulating cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels in the nerve terminal during repetitive stimulation.
Function:
Plays a role in the control of regulated secretion in neural and endocrine cells, enhancing selectively low-frequency neurotransmission. Positively regulates vesicle fusion by maintaining the readily releasable pool of secretory vesicles (By similarity).
Subunit:
Interacts with SYT1 in a calcium-dependent manner (By similarity).
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein (By similarity). Note=Enriched in small synaptic vesicles and adrenal microsomes, not present in chromaffin granules. Associated with both insulin granules and synaptic-like microvesicles in insulin-secreting cells of the pancreas (By similarity).
Post-translational modifications:
N-glycosylated (By similarity).
Similarity:
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily.
Database links:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q496J9.1
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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