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Rabbit Anti-Exportin 5/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
Exportin 5 (XPO5) is a member of the importin β family of proteins and functions in tRNA export in a sequence dependent fashion. More recently, it has been shown to export pre-miRNA by a RanGTPase-driven process from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where pre-miRNA processing occurs to produce mature miRNAs. Study of the miRNA biosynthesis pathway is essential in understanding the process of oncogenesis as global downregulation of miRNAs and the resulting alterations in the expression of tumor suppressor and oncogenic proteins is a common phenotype of cancers cells . Research studies have shown disruption of exportin 5 functions in many types of cancers including breast and lung, where pre-miRNA accumulates in the nucleus and miRNA maturation is impaired.
Function:
Mediates the nuclear export of proteins bearing a double-stranded RNA binding domain (dsRBD) and double-stranded RNAs (cargos). XPO5 in the nucleus binds cooperatively to the RNA and to the GTPase Ran in its active GTP-bound form. Proteins containing dsRBDs can associate with this trimeric complex through the RNA. Docking of this complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated through binding to nucleoporins. Upon transit of a nuclear export complex into the cytoplasm, hydrolysis of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP (induced by RANBP1 and RANGAP1, respectively) cause disassembly of the complex and release of the cargo from the export receptor. XPO5 then returns to the nuclear compartment by diffusion through the nuclear pore complex, to mediate another round of transport. The directionality of nuclear export is thought to be conferred by an asymmetric distribution of the GTP-and GDP-bound forms of Ran between the cytoplasm and nucleus. Overexpression may in some circumstances enhance RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi). Mediates nuclear export of isoform 5 of ADAR/ADAR1 in a RanGTP-dependent manner.
Mediates the nuclear export of micro-RNA precursors, which form short hairpins. Also mediates the nuclear export of synthetic short hairpin RNAs used for RNA interference, and adenovirus VA1 dsRNA. In some circumstances can also mediate the nuclear export of deacylated and aminoacylated tRNAs. Specifically recognizes dsRNAs that lack a 5'-overhang in a sequence-independent manner, have only a short 3'-overhang, and that have a double-stranded length of at least 15 base-pairs. Binding is dependent on Ran-GTP.
Subunit:
Component of a nuclear export receptor complex composed of XPO5, Ran, dsRNA-binding proteins and dsRNA. Found in a nuclear export complex with XPO5, Ran, EEF1A1, and aminoacylated tRNA. Found in a nuclear export complex with XPO5, Ran, ILF3 and dsRNA. Found in a nuclear export complex with XPO5, Ran and pre-miRNA. Found in a nuclear export complex with XPO5, Ran, ILF3 and minihelix VA1 dsRNA. Found in a nuclear export complex with XPO5, RAN, ILF3, ZNF346 and dsRNA. Interacts with EEF1A1, ILF3, NUP153, NUP214 and ZNF346. Interacts with Ran and cargo proteins in a GTP-dependent manner. Interacts with isoform 5 of ADAR/ADAR1 (via DRBM domains).
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in heart, brain, placenta, lung, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas.
Similarity:
Belongs to the exportin family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 57510 Human
Entrez Gene: 72322 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 363194 Rat
Omim: 607845 Human
SwissProt: Q9HAV4 Human
SwissProt: Q924C1 Mouse
Unigene: 20646 Human
Unigene: 275039 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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