background:
Staufen homolog 2 is a member of the family of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding proteins involved in the transport and/or localization of mRNAs to different subcellular compartments and/or organelles. These proteins are characterized by the presence of multiple dsRNA-binding domains which are required to bind RNAs having double-stranded secondary structures. Staufen homolog 2 shares 48.5% and 59.9% similarity with drosophila and human staufen, respectively. The exact function of Staufen homolog 2 is not known, but since it contains 3 copies of conserved dsRNA binding domain, it could be involved in double-stranded RNA binding events. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Function:
RNA-binding protein required for the microtubule-dependent transport of neuronal RNA from the cell body to the dendrite. As protein synthesis occurs within the dendrite, the localization of specific mRNAs to dendrites may be a prerequisite for neurite outgrowth and plasticity at sites distant from the cell body (By similarity).
Subunit:
Interacts with the exportin XPO5. This requires RNA and RAN bound to GTP. Interacts with microtubules. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 may also interact with ribosomes, and this association is independent of translation (By similarity). Identified in a mRNP complex, at least composed of DHX9, DDX3X, ELAVL1, HNRNPU, IGF2BP1, ILF3, PABPC1, PCBP2, PTBP2, STAU1, STAU2, SYNCRIP and YBX1.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Nucleus, nucleolus. Endoplasmic reticulum. Note=Shuttles between the nucleolus, nucleus and the cytoplasm. Nuclear export of isoform 1 is independent of XPO1/CRM1 and requires the exportin XPO5. Nuclear export of isoform 2 and isoform 3 can occur by both XPO1/CRM1-dependent and XPO1/CRM1-independent pathways. Found in large cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules which are present in the actin rich regions of myelinating processes and associated with microtubules, polysomes and the endoplasmic reticulum. Also recruited to stress granules (SGs) upon inhibition of translation or oxidative stress. These structures are thought to harbor housekeeping mRNAs when translation is aborted (By similarity).
Similarity:
Contains 4 DRBM (double-stranded RNA-binding) domains.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 100125233 Cow
Entrez Gene: 477913 Dog
Entrez Gene: 100051157 Horse
Entrez Gene: 27067 Human
Entrez Gene: 29819 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 17300 Rat
Omim: 605920 Human
SwissProt: Q9NUL3 Human
SwissProt: Q8CJ67 Mouse
SwissProt: Q68SB1 Rat
Unigene: 561815 Human
Unigene: 216257 Mouse
Unigene: 73714 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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