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Rabbit Anti-HDL/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
HDL is a cholesterol carrier protein that acts as scavenger of tissue cholesterol. It is important in cholesterol efflux from tissues, and involved in the return of cholesterol from the periphery to the liver for removal as bile acids.
This gene encodes apolipoprotein A-I, which is the major protein component of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma. The protein promotes cholesterol efflux from tissues to the liver for excretion, and it is a cofactor for lecithin cholesterolacyltransferase (LCAT) which is responsible for the formation of most plasma cholesteryl esters. This gene is closely linked with two other apolipoprotein genes on chromosome 11. Defects in this gene are associated with HDL deficiencies, including Tangier disease, and with systemic non-neuropathic amyloidosis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Function:
Participates in the reverse transport of cholesterol from tissues to the liver for excretion by promoting cholesterol efflux from tissues and by acting as a cofactor for the lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). As part of the SPAP complex, activates spermatozoa motility.
Subunit:
Interacts with APOA1BP and CLU. Component of a sperm activating protein complex (SPAP), consisting of APOA1, an immunoglobulin heavy chain, an immunoglobulin light chain and albumin. Interacts with NDRG1.
Subcellular Location:
Secreted.
Tissue Specificity:
Major protein of plasma HDL, also found in chylomicrons.
Post-translational modifications:
Palmitoylated.
Met-109 is oxidized to methionine sulfoxide.
Phosphorylation sites are present in the extracellular medium.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 335 Human
Entrez Gene: 2366 Mouse
Omim: 107136 Human
SwissProt: P02647 Human
SwissProt: Q00623 Mouse
Unigene: 93194 Human
Unigene: 26743 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
高密度脂蛋白（HDL）为血清蛋白之一，又称载脂蛋白A。高密度脂蛋白在肝、肠和血液中合成，担负着将内源性胆固醇(以胆固醇酯为主)从组织往肝脏的逆向转运。血浆高密度脂蛋白含量的高低与患心血管病的风险呈负相关。比较富含磷脂质，在血清中的含量约为300mg／dl。其蛋白质部分， A－Ⅰ约为75％， A－Ⅱ约为20％。由于可输出胆固醇促进胆固醇的代谢，所以现在作为动脉硬化预防因子而受到重视。高密度脂蛋白运载周围组织中的胆固醇，再转化为胆汁酸或直接通过胆汁从肠道排出，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量与动脉管腔狭窄程度呈显著的负相关。所以高密度脂蛋白是一种抗动脉粥样硬化的血浆脂蛋白，是冠心病的保护因子，俗称“血管清道夫”。
HDL在生理上起着将肝外组织的胆固醇运送到肝脏的运载工具的作用，因而可以防止游离胆固醇在肝外组织细胞上的沉积，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇对冠心病的临床诊断是一个重要的参考指标。它的降低是临床冠心病的危险因子之一，并可能促进动脉粥样硬化的发展。
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