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Rabbit Anti-Phospho-BLNK(Tyr189)/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
This gene encodes a cytoplasmic linker or adaptor protein that plays a critical role in B cell development. This protein bridges B cell receptor-associated kinase activation with downstream signaling pathways, thereby affecting various biological functions. The phosphorylation of five tyrosine residues is necessary for this protein to nucleate distinct signaling effectors following B cell receptor activation. Mutations in this gene cause hypoglobulinemia and absent B cells, a disease in which the pro- to pre-B-cell transition is developmentally blocked. Deficiency in this protein has also been shown in some cases of pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012].
Function:
Functions as a central linker protein that bridges kinases associated with the B-cell receptor (BCR) with a multitude of signaling pathways, regulating biological outcomes of B-cell function and development. Plays a role in the activation of ERK/EPHB2, MAP kinase p38 and JNK. Modulates AP1 activation. Important for the activation of NF-kappa-B and NFAT. Plays an important role in BCR-mediated PLCG1 and PLCG2 activation and Ca(2+) mobilization and is required for trafficking of the BCR to late endosomes. However, does not seem to be required for pre-BCR-mediated activation of MAP kinase and phosphatidyl-inositol 3 (PI3) kinase signaling. May be required for the RAC1-JNK pathway. Plays a critical role in orchestrating the pro-B cell to pre-B cell transition. Plays an important role in BCR-induced B-cell apoptosis.
Subunit:
Associates with PLCG1, VAV1 and NCK1 in a B-cell antigen receptor-dependent fashion. Interacts with VAV3, PLCG2 and GRB2. Interacts through its SH2 domain with CD79A.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Cell membrane. Note=BCR activation results in the translocation to membrane fraction.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in B-cell lineage and fibroblast cell lines (at protein level). Highest levels of expression in the spleen, with lower levels in the liver, kidney, pancreas, small intestines and colon.
Post-translational modifications:
Following BCR activation, phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by SYK and LYN. When phosphorylated, serves as a scaffold to assemble downstream targets of antigen activation, including PLCG1, VAV1, GRB2 and NCK1. Phosphorylation of Tyr-84, Tyr-178 and Tyr-189 facilitates PLCG1 binding. Phosphorylation of Tyr-96 facilitates BTK binding. Phosphorylation of Tyr-72 facilitates VAV1 and NCK1 binding. Phosphorylation is required for both Ca(2+) and MAPK signaling pathways.
DISEASE:
Defects in BLNK are the cause of agammaglobulinemia type 4 (AGM4) [MIM:613502]. It is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by profoundly low or absent serum antibodies and low or absent circulating B cells due to an early block of B-cell development. Affected individuals develop severe infections in the first years of life.
Similarity:
Contains 1 SH2 domain.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 29760 Human
Entrez Gene: 17060 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 499356 Rat
Omim: 604515 Human
SwissProt: Q8WV28 Human
SwissProt: Q9QUN3 Mouse
SwissProt: Q4KM52 Rat
Unigene: 665244 Human
Unigene: 9749 Mouse
Unigene: 32684 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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