background:
The ATP-dependent, chloride-sensitive vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUT) include BNPI (VGLUT1), VGLUT2 (DNPI) and VGLUT3. The brain expresses BNPI (brain specific Na+-dependent inorganic phosphate (Pi) cotransporter) and VGLUT2 in a complementary fashion. The telencephalic regions express BNPI, whereas the lower brainstem and diencephalic regions express VLGUT2. Rat pinealocytes express both BNPI and VGLUT2. The striatum, hippocampus, cerebral cortex and raphe nuclei express VGLUT3 in a small number of neurons. Pancreatic a and b cells express BNPI and VGLUT2 in response to glucose concentrations. Human VGLUT3 shares a 72% sequence homology with VLGUT2 and BNPI.
Function:
Mediates the uptake of glutamate into synaptic vesicles at presynaptic nerve terminals of excitatory neural cells. May also mediate the transport of inorganic phosphate.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle membrane. Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein (Potential). Cell junction, synapse, synaptosome.
Tissue Specificity:
Predominantly expressed in adult brain. Expressed in amygdala, caudate nucleus, cerebral cortex, frontal lobe, hippocampus, medulla, occipital lobe, putamen, spinal cord, substantia nigra, subthalamic nucleus, temporal lobe and thalamus.
Similarity:
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sodium/anion cotransporter family. VGLUT subfamily
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 57084 Human
Entrez Gene: 140919 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 84487 Rat
Omim: 607563 Human
SwissProt: Q9P2U8 Human
SwissProt: Q8BLE7 Mouse
SwissProt: Q9JI12 Rat
Unigene: 242821 Human
Unigene: 256618 Mouse
Unigene: 19372 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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