background:
The homeobox DNA-binding domain is a 60 amino acid motif that is conserved among many species and functions to bind DNA via a helix-turn-helix structure, thereby playing a role in transcriptional regulation and the control of gene expression. TSHZ3 (teashirt zinc finger homeobox 3), also known as KIAA1474, TSH3 or ZNF537, is a 1,081 amino acid protein that contains one homeobox DNA-binding domain and five C2H2-type zinc fingers. Localized to the nucleus, TSHZ3 functions as a transcriptional regulator that is involved in developmental processes throughout the body. The gene encoding TSHZ3 maps to human chromosome 19, which consists of over 63 million bases, houses approximately 1,400 genes and is recognized for having the greatest gene density of the human chromosomes.
Function:
Transcriptional regulator involved in developmental processes. Function in association with APBB1, SET and HDAC factors as a transcriptional repressor, that inhibits the expression of CASP4. TSHZ3-mediated transcription repression involves the recruitment of histone deacetylases HDAC1 and HDAC2. Associates with chromatin in a region surrounding the CASP4 transcriptional start site(s). Regulates the development of neurons involved in both respiratory rhythm and airflow control. Promotes maintenance of nucleus ambiguus (nA) motoneurons, which govern upper airway function, and establishes a respiratory rhythm generator (RRG) activity compatible with survival at birth. Involved in the differentiation of the proximal uretic smooth muscle cells during developmental processes. Involved in the up-regulation of myocardin, that directs the expression of smooth muscle cells in the proximal ureter.
Subunit:
Interacts (via homeobox domain) with APBB1 (via PID domain 1). Interacts (via N-terminus) with HDAC1 and HDAC2; the interaction is direct. Found in a trimeric complex with APBB1 and HDAC1; the interaction between HDAC1 and APBB1 is mediated by TSHZ3.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus. Cell projection, growth cone. Note=Colocalizes with APBB1 in axonal grwoth cone. Colocalizes with APBB1 in the nucleus.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in brain; strongly reduced in post-mortem elderly subjects with Alzheimer disease.
Similarity:
Belongs to the teashirt C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
Contains 5 C2H2-type zinc fingers.
Contains 1 homeobox DNA-binding domain.
Database links:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q63HK5.2
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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