Home
>
Product
>
Antibody
>
Rabbit Anti-GLCNE/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
The bifunctional enzyme UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase (GNE/Mnk), or GLCNE, regulates and initiates biosynthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc), a precursor of sialic acids. GLCNE is required for normal sialylation in hematopoietic cells. Sialylation is implicated in cell adhesion, signal transduction, tumorigenicity and metastatic behavior of malignant cells. It is upregulated after PKSLCdependent phosphorylation and is most abundantly expressed in liver and placenta. It is also expressed, to a lesser extent, in heart, brain, lung, kidney, skeletal muscle and pancreas. Defects in GLCNE are the cause of sialuria, inclusion body myopathy 2 (IBM2) and Nonaka myopathy (NM) or distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles (DMRV). Sialuria is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a lack of feedback inhibition of GLCNE by CMP-NeuAc, resulting in overproduction of NeuAc. It is characterized by an accumulation of free sialic acid in the cytoplasm and large quantities of neuraminic acid in the urine. Both IBM2 and NM/DMRV are autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorders characterized by adult onset, distal and proximal muscle weakness (especially in the legs) and a typical muscle pathology including filamentous inclusions and rimmed vacuoles.
Function:
Regulates and initiates biosynthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc), a precursor of sialic acids. Plays an essential role in early development (By similarity). Required for normal sialylation in hematopoietic cells. Sialylation is implicated in cell adhesion, signal transduction, tumorigenicity and metastatic behavior of malignant cells.
Subunit:
Homodimer and homohexamer.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasmic
Tissue Specificity:
Highest expression in liver and placenta. Also found in heart, brain, lung, kidney, skeletal muscle and pancreas. Isoform 1 is expressed in heart, brain, kidney, liver, placenta, lung, spleen, pancreas, skeletal muscle and colon. Isoform 2 is expressed mainly in placenta, but also in brain, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas and colon. Isoform 3 is expressed at low level in kidney, liver, placenta and colon.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated by PKC (By similarity).
DISEASE:
Defects in GNE are a cause of sialuria (SIALURIA) [MIM:269921]; also known as sialuria French type. In sialuria, free sialic acid accumulates in the cytoplasm and gram quantities of neuraminic acid are secreted in the urine. The metabolic defect involves lack of feedback inhibition of UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase by CMP-Neu5Ac, resulting in constitutive overproduction of free Neu5Ac. Clinical features include variable degrees of developmental delay, coarse facial features and hepatomegaly. Sialuria inheritance is autosomal dominant.
Defects in GNE are the cause of inclusion body myopathy type 2 (IBM2) [MIM:600737]. Hereditary inclusion body myopathies are a group of neuromuscular disorders characterized by adult onset, slowly progressive distal and proximal weakness and a typical muscle pathology including rimmed vacuoles and filamentous inclusions. IBM2 is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting mainly leg muscles, but with an unusual distribution that spares the quadriceps as also observed in Nonaka myopathy.
Defects in GNE are the cause of Nonaka myopathy (NM) [MIM:605820]; also known as distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles (DMRV). NM is an autosomal recessive muscular disorder, allelic to inclusion body myopathy 2. It is characterized by weakness of the anterior compartment of the lower limbs with onset in early adulthood, and sparing of the quadriceps muscles. As the inclusion body myopathy, NM is histologically characterized by the presence of numerous rimmed vacuoles without inflammatory changes in muscle specimens.
Similarity:
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase family.
In the SLCterminal section; belongs to the ROK (NagC/XylR) family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 10020 Human
Entrez Gene: 50798 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 114711 Rat
Omim: 603824 Human
SwissProt: Q9Y223 Human
SwissProt: Q91WG8 Mouse
SwissProt: O35826 Rat
Unigene: 5920 Human
Unigene: 256718 Mouse
Unigene: 18753 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
|
|
