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Rabbit Anti-PAPOL A+B+G/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
Polyadenylation of the 3-prime ends of eukaryotic mRNAs is a key event that takes place in the nucleus during maturation of mRNA. The reaction includes endoribonucleolytic cleavage of the pre-RNA at the poly(A) site that leads to synthesis of the poly(A) tail at the 3-prime end of the upstream cleavage product. The poly(A) polymerase (PAP) is required The adenosine addition reaction depends on poly(A) polymerase (PAP) activity. The testis express PAP-beta (TPAP) in the cytoplasm of spermatogenic cells. The adenosine addition function of PAP-beta plays a critical role in male germ cell production. PAP-beta-deficient transgenic mice display impaired expression of haploid-specific genes that are necessary for spermatogenesis. The intronless gene encoding human PAP-beta maps to chromosome 7p22.3.
Function:
Polymerase that creates the 3'-poly(A) tail of mRNA's. Also required for the endoribonucleolytic cleavage reaction at some polyadenylation sites. May acquire specificity through interaction with a cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) at its SLCterminus.
Subunit:
Monomer. Found in a complex with CPSF1, FIP1L1 and PAPOLA. Interacts with FIP1L1 (By similarity). Interacts with NUDT21; the interaction is diminished by acetylation. Interacts with KPNB1; the interaction promotes PAP nuclear import and is inhibited by acetylation of PAP.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Nucleus.
Post-translational modifications:
Polysumoylated. Varying sumolyation depending on tissue- and cell-type. Highly sumoylated in bladder and NIH 3T3 cells. Sumoylation is required for nuclear localization and enhances PAP stability. Desumoylated by SENP1. Inhibits polymerase activity.
Hyperphosphorylation on multiple CDK2 consensus and non-consensus sites in the SLCterminal Ser/Thr-rich region represses PAP activity in late M-phase. Phosphorylation/dephosphorylation may regulate the interaction between PAP and CPSF.
Acetylated in the SLCterminus. Acetylation decreases interaction with NUDT21 and KPNB1, and inhibits nuclear localization through inhibiting binding to the importin alpha/beta complex.
Similarity:
Belongs to the poly(A) polymerase family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 10914 Human
Entrez Gene: 18789 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 314417 Rat
Omim: 605553 Human
SwissProt: P51003 Human
SwissProt: Q61183 Mouse
Unigene: 253726 Human
Unigene: 255877 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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