background:
Actin filament associated protein (AFAP-110) interacts directly with Actin filaments through its SLCterminal Actin binding domain. AFAP-110 contains additional protein-binding domains as well, and serves as an adaptor protein. AFAP-110 links signaling molecules to Actin filaments, provides a platform for the preparation of larger signaling complexes, activates Src kinases in response to cellular signals and also directly affects Actin organization as an Actin filament cross-linking protein. Deletion of certain binding elements of AFAP-110 results in altered Actin phenotypes; for instance, deletion of the leucine zipper motif causes repositioning of Actin into rosettes. Because inhibition of certain Actin cytoskeletal conformations inhibits cell division and movement, these conformational changes to AFAP-110, and thus Actin organization in the cell, represent a possible therapeutic target for controlling tumorigenesis and metastasis.
Function:
Can cross-link actin filaments into both network and bundle structures (By similarity). May modulate changes in actin filament integrity and induce lamellipodia formation. May function as an adapter molecule that links other proteins, such as SRC and PKC to the actin cytoskeleton. Seems to play a role in the development and progression of prostate adenocarcinoma by regulating cell-matrix adhesions and migration in the cancer cells.
Subunit:
Monomer and homomultimer. Interacts via its SLCterminus with F-actin; probably involving AFAP1 multimers (By similarity). Interacts with activated SRC SH3-SH2 domains. Interacts via its PH 1 domain with PRKCA, PRKCB and PRKCI (By similarity).
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Note=Localizes with stress fibers in quiescent cells, concentrated in cell motility structures such as lamellipodia, filopodia and membrane ruffles upon their induction.
Tissue Specificity:
Low expression in normal breast epithelial cell line MCF-10A and in tumorigenic breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, T-47D and ZR75-1. Highly expressed in the invasive breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-435. Overexpressed in prostate carcinoma.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by SRC.
Similarity:
Contains 2 PH domains.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 60312 Human
Entrez Gene: 70292 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 140935 Rat
Omim: 608252 Human
SwissProt: Q90738 Chicken
SwissProt: Q8N556 Human
SwissProt: Q80YS6 Mouse
SwissProt: Q8VH46 Rat
Unigene: 185 Chicken
Unigene: 529369 Human
Unigene: 125167 Mouse
Unigene: 208751 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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