background:
A cluster of genes, BAT1-BAT5, has been localized in the vicinity of the genes for TNF alpha and TNF beta. This gene is found near this cluster; it was mapped near the gene for C2 within a 120-kb region that included a HSP70 gene pair. These genes are all within the human major histocompatibility complex class III region. This gene was thought to be two different genes, NG36 and G9a, adjacent to each other but a recent publication shows that there is only a single gene. The protein encoded by this gene is thought to be involved in intracellular protein-protein interaction. There are three alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene but only two are fully described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Function:
Histone methyltransferase that specifically mono- and dimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me1 and H3K9me2, respectively) in euchromatin. H3K9me represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression by recruiting HP1 proteins to methylated histones. Also weakly methylates 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). Also required for DNA methylation, the histone methyltransferase activity is not required for DNA methylation, suggesting that these 2 activities function independently. Probably targeted to histone H3 by different DNA-binding proteins like E2F6, MGA, MAX and/or DP1. May also methylate histone H1. In addition to the histone methyltransferase activity, also methylates non-histone proteins: mediates dimethylation of 'Lys-373' of p53/TP53. Also methylates CDYL, WIZ, ACIN1, DNMT1, HDAC1, ERCC6, KLF12 and itself.
Subunit:
Heterodimer; heterodimerizes with EHMT1/GLP. Interacts with GFI1B and WIZ. Part of the E2F6.com-1 complex in G0 phase composed of E2F6, MGA, MAX, TFDP1, CBX3, BAT8, EHMT1, RING1, RNF2, MBLR, L3MBTL2 and YAF2. Part of a complex composed of TRIM28, HDAC1, HDAC2 and EHMT2.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus. Chromosome. Note=Associates with euchromatic regions. Does not associate with heterochromatin.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in all tissues examined, with high levels in fetal liver, thymus, lymph node, spleen and peripheral blood leukocytes and lower level in bone marrow.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR.
Methylated at Lys-185; automethylated.
Similarity:
Belongs to the histone-lysine methyltransferase family. Suvar3-9 subfamily.
Contains 7 ANK repeats.
Contains 1 post-SET domain.
Contains 1 pre-SET domain.
Contains 1 SET domain.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 10919 Human
Entrez Gene: 110147 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 361798 Rat
Omim: 604599 Human
SwissProt: Q96KQ7 Human
SwissProt: Q9Z148 Mouse
Unigene: 709218 Human
Unigene: 35345 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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