background:
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) is the one EBV antigen that is expressed in all EBV associated malignancies. It has long been thought to go undetected by the cell mediated immune system. However, recent studies show that EBNA1 can be presented to both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, making it a potential new target for immunotherapy of EBV related cancers.
Function:
Plays an essential role in replication and partitioning of viral genomic DNA during latent viral infection. During this phase, the circular double-stranded viral DNA undergoes replication once per cell cycle and is efficiently partitioned to the daughter cells. EBNA1 activates the initiation of viral DNA replication through binding to specific sites in the viral latent origin of replication, oriP. Additionally, it governs the segregation of viral episomes by mediating their attachment to host cell metaphase chromosomes. Also activates the transcription of several viral latency genes. Finally, it can counteract the stabilization of host p53/TP53 by host USP7, thereby decreasing apoptosis and increasing host cell survival.
Subunit:
Interacts with human USP7. Interacts with human EBP2; this interaction is important for the stable segregation of EBV episomes during cell division but not for the replication of the episomes. Interacts with BGLF4; this interaction facilitates the switch from latent to lytic DNA replication by down-regulating EBNA1 replication function.
Subcellular Location:
Host nucleus.
Similarity:
Belongs to the herpesviridae EBNA1 family.
Database links:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q1HVF7.1
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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