background:
The GINS complex is composed of four subunits, encoded by SLD5, PSF1, PSF2, and PSF3. In S. cerevisiae, it was first identified by genetic and biochemical methods to determine factors interacting with Sld5p. Genetic interactions between these four genes also suggest that they act together. The GINS complex was independently isolated in a large scale screen for cell cycle defects. A similar complex is found in Xenopus and has a ring-like structure. In yeast, all four genes are essential and cells defective in SLD5, PSF1, or PSF2 are impaired in their ability to replicate DNA. The complex localizes to origins of DNA replication and Sld5p was previously implicated as functioning in DNA replication due to its genetic interaction with DPB11. Additional genetic and biochemical interactions of the GINS complex with Dpb11p, Dpb2p, and Sld3p suggest that it functions in some way at the replication fork during DNA synthesis.
Function:
The GINS complex plays an essential role in theinitiation of DNA replication, and progression of DNA replicationforks. GINS complex seems to bind preferentially to single-strandedDNA.
Subunit:
Component of the GINS complex which is a heterotetramerof GINS1, GINS2, GINS3 and GINS4. Forms a stable subcomplex withGINS3. GINS complex interacts with DNA primase in vitro.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR.
Similarity:
Belongs to the GINS2/PSF2 family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 415824 Chicken
Entrez Gene: 609436 Dog
Entrez Gene: 51659 Human
Entrez Gene: 272551 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 292058 Rat
Entrez Gene: 48853 Xenopus laevis
Entrez Gene: 554146 Zebrafish
Omim: 610609 Human
SwissProt: Q9Y248 Human
SwissProt: Q9D600 Mouse
SwissProt: Q7ZT46 Xenopus laevis
Unigene: 43336 Human
Unigene: 275910 Mouse
Unigene: 3786 Xenopus laevis
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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