background:
Stable cohesion between sister chromatids before anaphase and their timely separation during anaphase are critical for chromosome inheritance. In vertebrates, sister chromatid cohesion is released in 2 steps via distinct mechanisms. The first step involves phosphorylation of STAG1 (MIM 604358) or STAG2 (MIM 300826) in the cohesin complex. The second step involves cleavage of the cohesin subunit SCC1 (RAD21; MIM 606462) by ESPL1, or separase, which initiates the final separation of sister chromatids (Sun et al., 2009 [PubMed 19345191]).[supplied by OMIM, Nov 2010].
Function:
Caspase-like protease, which plays a central role in the chromosome segregation by cleaving the SCC1/RAD21 subunit of the cohesin complex at the onset of anaphase. During most of the cell cycle, it is inactivated by different mechanisms.
Subunit:
Interacts with PTTG1. Interacts with RAD21.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Nucleus.
Post-translational modifications:
Autocleaves. This function, which is not essential for its protease activity, is unknown.
Phosphorylated by CDK1. There are 8 Ser/Thr phosphorylation sites. Among them, Ser-1126 phosphorylation is the major site, which conducts to the enzyme inactivation.
Similarity:
Belongs to the peptidase C50 family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 9700 Human
Entrez Gene: 105988 Mouse
Omim: 604143 Human
SwissProt: Q14674 Human
SwissProt: P60330 Mouse
Unigene: 153479 Human
Unigene: 288324 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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