background:
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the serine/threonine kinase family. This kinase has been shown to activate MAPK8/JNK and MKK4/SEK1, and this kinase itself can be phoshorylated, and thus activated by JNK kinases. This kinase functions preferentially on the JNK signaling pathway, and is reported to be involved in nerve growth factor (NGF) induced neuronal apoptosis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Function:
Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Plays an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by changes in the environment. Once activated, acts as an upstream activator of the MKK/JNK signal transduction cascade through the phosphorylation of MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 which in turn activate the JNKs. The MKK/JNK signaling pathway regulates stress response via activator protein-1 (JUN) and GATA4 transcription factors. Plays also a role in mitochondrial death signaling pathway, including the release cytochrome c, leading to apoptosis.
Subunit:
Homodimer.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in epithelial tumor cell lines of colonic, breast and esophageal origin.
Post-translational modifications:
Autophosphorylation on serine and threonine residues within the activation loop plays a role in enzyme activation. Thr-312 is likely to be the main autophosphorylation site. Autophosphorylation also occurs on Thr-304 and Ser-308.
DISEASE:
May play a role in esophageal cancer susceptibility and/or development.
Similarity:
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase kinase subfamily.
Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
Contains 1 SH3 domain.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 4293 Human
Entrez Gene: 4294 Human
Entrez Gene: 269881 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 338372 Mouse
Omim: 600136 Human
Omim: 600137 Human
SwissProt: P80192 Human
SwissProt: Q02779 Human
SwissProt: Q3U1V8 Mouse
SwissProt: Q66L42 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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