background:
Dioxygenase that repairs alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation. Has highest activity towards single-stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, followed by single-stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine. Has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine. Has no activity towards 1-methylguanine. Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA. Requires molecular oxygen, alpha-ketoglutarate and iron. Contributes to the regulation of the global metabolic rate, energy expenditure and energy homeostasis. Contributes to the regulation of body size and body fat accumulation.
Tissue specificity: Ubiquitously expressed, with relatively high expression in adrenal glands and brain; especially in hypothalamus and pituitary.
Function:
Dioxygenase that repairs alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation. Has highest activity towards single-stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, followed by single-stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine. Has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine. Has no activity towards 1-methylguanine. Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA. Requires molecular oxygen, alpha-ketoglutarate and iron. Contributes to the regulation of the global metabolic rate, energy expenditure and energy homeostasis. Contributes to the regulation of body size and body fat accumulation.
Subunit:
Monomer. May also exist as homodimer.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus.
Tissue Specificity:
Ubiquitously expressed, with relatively high expression in adrenal glands and brain; especially in hypothalamus and pituitary.
DISEASE:
Defects in FTO are the cause of growth retardation developmental delay coarse facies and early death (GDFD) [MIM:612938]. A severe polymalformation syndrome characterized by postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, severe psychomotor delay, functional brain deficits and characteristic facial dysmorphism. In some patients, structural brain malformations, cardiac defects, genital anomalies, and cleft palate are observed. Early death occurs by the age of 3 years.
Similarity:
Belongs to the fto family.
Database links:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q9C0B1.3
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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