background:
LLGL1 is a protein that is similar to a tumor suppressor in Drosophila. The protein is part of a cytoskeletal network and is associated with nonmuscle myosin II heavy chain and a kinase that specifically phosphorylates this protein at serine residues. The gene for LLGL1 is located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. LLGL2 is a protein similar to lethal giant larvae of Drosophila. In fly, the protein's ability to localize cell fate determinants is regulated by the atypical protein kinase C (aPKC). In human, this protein interacts with aPKSLCcontaining complexes and is cortically localized in mitotic cells.
Function:
Cortical cytoskeleton protein found in a complex involved in maintaining cell polarity and epithelial integrity. Involved in the regulation of mitotic spindle orientation, proliferation, differentiation and tissue organization of neuroepithelial cells.
Subunit:
Associated with nonmuscle myosin II heavy chain. Interacts with PRKCI/aPKC, PARD6B/Par-6 and PARD6A. Interacts with STX4A.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Note=Localized to the lateral membrane during the polarization and formation cell-cell contacts.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in brain, kidney, and muscle but is barely seen in heart and placenta. Down-regulated or lost in all cell lines and in most of the tumor samples analyzed. Loss was associated with advanced stage of the disease.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR. Phosphorylated at least at Ser-663 by PRKCI.
Similarity:
Belongs to the WD repeat L(2)GL family.
Contains 14 WD repeats.
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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