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Rabbit Anti-Protective protein/Cathepsin A/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
Lysosomal protective protein/cathepsin A (PPCA) is a lysosomal serine carboxypeptidase that forms an intralysosomal enzyme complex with ?galactosidase and neuraminidase (NEU1). PPCA is synthesized as a 54 kDa precursor/zymogen, and proteolytically cleaved in the lysosome into a catalytically active 32 and 20 kDa two chain enzyme. The enzyme has cathepsin A activity at acidic pH but maintains also a deamidase/esterase activity at neutral pH. Furthermore, the human enzyme, purified from platelets and lymphocytes, has been shown to function on the inactivation of selected neuropeptides, like substance P, oxytocin, and endothelin I. The autosomal recessive genetic deficiency of PPCA causes galactosialidosis, a neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder, resulting in the secondary deficiencies of ?galactosidase and NEU1.
Function:
Protective protein appears to be essential for both the activity of beta-galactosidase and neuraminidase, it associates with these enzymes and exerts a protective function necessary for their stability and activity. This protein is also a carboxypeptidase and can deamidate tachykinins.
Subunit:
Heterodimer of a 32 kDa chain and a 20 kDa chain; disulfide-linked.
Subcellular Location:
Lysosome.
DISEASE:
Defects in CTSA are the cause of galactosialidosis (GSL) [MIM:256540]. A lysosomal storage disease associated with a combined deficiency of beta-galactosidase and neuraminidase, secondary to a defect in cathepsin A. All patients have clinical manifestations typical of a lysosomal disorder, such as coarse facies, cherry red spots, vertebral changes, foam cells in the bone marrow, and vacuolated lymphocytes. Three phenotypic subtypes are recognized. The early infantile form is associated with fetal hydrops, edema, ascites, visceromegaly, skeletal dysplasia, and early death. The late infantile type is characterized by hepatosplenomegaly, growth retardation, cardiac involvement, and a normal or mildly affected mental state. The juvenile/adult form is characterized by myoclonus, ataxia, angiokeratoma, mental retardation, neurologic deterioration, absence of visceromegaly, and long survival.
Similarity:
Belongs to the peptidase S10 family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 5476 Human
Entrez Gene: 19025 Mouse
Omim: 613111 Human
SwissProt: P10619 Human
SwissProt: P16675 Mouse
Unigene: 609336 Human
Unigene: 359633 Mouse
Unigene: 474586 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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