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Rabbit Anti-PROK2/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
Prokineticin 2 is known to regulate many different biological functions, including neurogenesis, smooth muscle contractility, angiogenesis and circadian rhythm. In serving the latter role, prokineticin 2 functions as an output molecule from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, that transmits behavioral rhythms, but may also function locally within the SCN to synchronize output. Prokineticin 2 expression is induced by CLOCK and BMAL1 heterodimers and light, and is inhibited by period genes (PER1, PER2 and PER3) and cryptochrome genes (CRY1 and CRY2). Expression is reported in the SCN and among a few other discrete brain areas, including the islands of Calleja, media l preoptic area of the hypothalamus and the shell of the nucleus accumbens as well as in the testis, prostate and, at lower levels, in the small intestine.
Function:
May function as an output molecule from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) that transmits behavioral circadian rhythm. May also function locally within the SCN to synchronize output. Potently contracts gastrointestinal (GI) smooth muscle.
Subcellular Location:
Secreted.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in the testis and, at low levels, in the small intestine.
DISEASE:
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 4 with or without anosmia (HH4) [MIM:610628]: A disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In some cases, it is associated with non-reproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss. Anosmia or hyposmia is related to the absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. Hypogonadism is due to deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone and probably results from a failure of embryonic migration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-synthesizing neurons. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as Kallmann syndrome, whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Similarity:
Belongs to the AVIT (prokineticin) family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 60675 Human
Entrez Gene: 50501 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 192206 Rat
Omim: 607002 Human
SwissProt: Q9HC23 Human
SwissProt: Q9QXU7 Mouse
SwissProt: Q8R413 Rat
Unigene: 528665 Human
Unigene: 87365 Mouse
Unigene: 211872 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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