background:
PAR3 is an adapter protein involved in asymmetrical cell division and cell polarization processes. It seems to play a central role in the formation of epithelial tight junctions. Its association with PARD6B may prevent the interaction of PARD3 with F11R/JAM1, thereby preventing tight junction assembly. The PARD6-PARD3 complex links GTP bound Rho small GTPases to atypical protein kinase C proteins.
Function:
Adapter protein involved in asymmetrical cell division and cell polarization processes. Seems to play a central role in the formation of epithelial tight junctions. Targets the phosphatase PTEN to cell junctions (By similarity). Association with PARD6B may prevent the interaction of PARD3 with F11R/JAM1, thereby preventing tight junction assembly. The PARD6-PARD3 complex links GTP-bound Rho small GTPases to atypical protein kinase C proteins. Required for establishment of neuronal polarity and normal axon formation in cultured hippocampal neurons.
Subunit:
Interacts (via PDZ 1 domain) with F11R/JAM1, PARD6A and PARD6B. Isoform 2, but not at least isoform 3 interacts with PRKCZ.Interacts with PRCKI and CDH5. Interacts (via PDZ 3 domain) with PTEN (via SLCterminus) (By similarity). Part of a complex with PARD6A or PARD6B, PRKCI or PRKCZ and CDC42 or RAC1. Component of a complex whose core is composed of ARHGAP17, AMOT, MPP5/PALS1,INADL/PATJ and PARD3/PAR3. Interacts with LIMK2, AURKA and AURKB.Component of the Par polarity complex, composed of at least phosphorylated PRKCZ, PARD3 and TIAM1. Interacts with ECT2 and FSF1.
Subcellular Location:
Endomembrane system. Cell junction. Cell junction, tight junction. Cell membrane. Cytoplasm, cell cortex (By similarity). Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Note=Localized along the cell-cell contact region. Colocalizes with PARD6A and PRKCI at epithelial tight junctions. Colocalizes with the cortical actin that overlays the meiotic spindle during metaphase I and metaphase II (By similarity). Presence of KRIT1, CDH5 and RAP1B is required for its localization to the cell junction.
Tissue Specificity:
Widely expressed.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated by PRKCZ. EGF-induced Tyr-1127 phosphorylation mediates dissociation from LIMK2.
Phosphorylation by AURKA at Ser-962 is required for the normal establishment of neuronal polarity.
Similarity:
Belongs to the PAR3 family.
Contains 3 PDZ (DHR) domains.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 56288 Human
Entrez Gene: 93742 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 81918 Rat
Entrez Gene: 101110782 Sheep
Omim: 606745 Human
SwissProt: Q8TEW0 Human
SwissProt: Q99NH2 Mouse
SwissProt: Q9Z340 Rat
Unigene: 131489 Human
Unigene: 299254 Mouse
Unigene: 3363 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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