background:
G3BP is one of the DNA-unwinding enzymes which prefers partially unwound 3'-tailed substrates and can also unwind partial RNA/DNA and RNA/RNA duplexes in an ATP-dependent fashion. This enzyme is a member of the heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding proteins and is also an element of the Ras signal transduction pathway. It binds specifically to the Ras-GTPase-activating protein by associating with its SH3 domain. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but the full-length nature of some of these variants has not been determined.
Function:
May be a regulated effector of stress granule assembly. Phosphorylation-dependent sequence-specific endoribonuclease in vitro. Cleaves exclusively between cytosine and adenine and cleaves MYC mRNA preferentially at the 3'-UTR. ATP- and magnesium-dependent helicase. Unwinds preferentially partial DNA and RNA duplexes having a 17 bp annealed portion and either a hanging 3' tail or hanging tails at both 5'- and 3'-ends. Unwinds DNA/DNA, RNA/DNA, and RNA/RNA substrates with comparable efficiency. Acts unidirectionally by moving in the 5' to 3' direction along the bound single-stranded DNA.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm > cytosol. Cell membrane. Nucleus. Cytoplasmic in proliferating cells, can be recruited to the plasma membrane in exponentially growing cells (By similarity). Cytosolic and partially nuclear in resting cells. Recruited to stress granules (SGs) upon either arsenite or high temperature treatment. Recruitment to SGs is influenced by HRAS.
Tissue Specificity:
Ubiquitous.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated exclusively on serine residues. Hyperphosphorylated in quiescent fibroblasts. Hypophosphorylation leads to a decrease in endoribonuclease activity (By similarity). RASA1-dependent phosphorylation of Ser-149 induces a conformational change that prevents self-association. Dephosphorylation after HRAS activation is required for stress granule assembly. Ser-149 phosphorylation induces partial nuclear localization.
Arg-435 is dimethylated, probably to asymmetric dimethylarginine.
Similarity:
Contains 1 NTF2 domain.
Contains 1 RRM (RNA recognition motif) domain.
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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