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Rabbit Anti-ATG18/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
This gene encodes a WD40 repeat protein. Members of the WD40 repeat family are key components of many essential biologic functions. They regulate the assembly of multiprotein complexes by presenting a beta-propeller platform for simultaneous and reversible protein-protein interactions. Members of the WIPI subfamily of WD40 repeat proteins have a 7-bladed propeller structure and contain a conserved motif for interaction with phospholipids. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2016]
Function:
Plays an important role in autophagy and in particular starvation- and calcium-mediated autophagy, as well as in mitophagy. Functions upstream of the ATG12-ATG5-ATG16L1 complex and LC3, and downstream of the ULK1 and PI3-kinase complexes. Involved in xenophagy of Staphylococcus aureus. Invading S.aureus cells become entrapped in autophagosome-like WIPI1 positive vesicles targeted for lysosomal degradation. Plays also a distinct role in controlling the transcription of melanogenic enzymes and melanosome maturation, a process that is distinct from starvation-induced autophagy. May also regulate the trafficking of proteins involved in the mannose-6-phosphate receptor (MPR) recycling pathway.
Subunit:
Interacts with androgen receptor (AR) and the estrogen receptors ESR1 and ESR2. Binds PtdIns3P and to a lesser extent, PtdIns3,5P2 and PtdIns5P in vitro. Interaction with PtdIns3P is required for recruitment to membranes.
Subcellular Location:
Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network. Endosome. Cytoplasmic vesicle, clathrin-coated vesicle. Preautophagosomal structure membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Note=Trans elements of the Golgi and peripheral endosomes. Dynamically cycles through these compartments and is susceptible to conditions that modulate membrane flux. Enriched in clathrin-coated vesicles. Upon starvation-induced autophagy, accumulates at subcellular structures in the cytoplasm: enlarged vesicular and lasso-like structures, and large cup-shaped structures predominantly around the nucleus. Recruitment to autophagic membranes is controlled by MTMR14. Labile microtubules specifically recruit markers of autophagosome formation like WIPI1, whereas mature autophagosomes may bind to stable microtubules.
Tissue Specificity:
Ubiquitously expressed. Highly expressed in skeletal muscle, heart, testis, pancreas and placenta. Highly expressed in G361, Sk-mel-28, Sk-mel-13, WM852 and WM451 cells. Up-regulated in a variety of tumor tissues.
Similarity:
Belongs to the WD repeat SVP1 family.
Contains 7 WD repeats.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 55062 Human
Entrez Gene: 52639 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 303630 Rat
Omim: 609224 Human
SwissProt: Q5MNZ9 Human
SwissProt: Q8R3E3 Mouse
Unigene: 463964 Human
Unigene: 35817 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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