background:
This gene encodes a member of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 protein family. Phospholipase A2 enzymes hydrolyze the sn-2 bond of phospholipids, releasing lysophospholipids and fatty acids. This enzyme may be associated with mitochondria and early endosomes. Most tissues also express read-through transcripts from the upstream gene into this gene, some of which may encode fusion proteins combining the N-terminus of the upstream gene including its JmjC domain with the almost complete coding region of this gene, including the C2 and cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 domains.
Function:
Calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that selectively hydrolyzes glycerophospholipids in the sn-2 position with a preference for arachidonoyl phospholipids. Has a much weaker activity than PLA2G4A. Isoform 3 has calcium-dependent activity against palmitoyl-arachidonyl-phosphatidylethanolamine and low level lysophospholipase activity but no activity against phosphatidylcholine. Isoform 5 does have activity against phosphatidylcholine.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm, cytosol.
Isoform 3: Mitochondrion membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Early endosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Note=Translocates to membrane vesicles in a calcium-dependent fashion.
Tissue Specificity:
Widely expressed. Expressed at higher level in brain, heart, liver, cerebellum and pancreas. Isoform 3 is widely expressed.
Similarity:
Contains 1 C2 domain.
Contains 1 PLA2c domain.
Database links:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: P0C869.2
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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