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Rabbit Anti-Phospho-PKM2 (Tyr105)/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
The protein encoded by this gene is a pyruvate kinase that catalyzes the production of phosphoenolpyruvate from pyruvate and ATP. This protein has been shown to interact with thyroid hormone, and thus may mediate cellular metabolic effects induced by thyroid hormones. This protein has been found to bind Opa protein, a bacterial outer membrane protein involved in gonococcal adherence to and invasion of human cells, suggesting a role of this protein in bacterial pathogenesis. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding two distinct isoforms have been reported.
Function:
Glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, generating ATP. Stimulates POU5F1-mediated transcriptional activation. Plays a general role in caspase independent cell death of tumor cells. The ratio betwween the highly active tetrameric form and nearly inactive dimeric form determines whether glucose carbons are channeled to biosynthetic processes or used for glycolytic ATP production. The transition between the 2 forms contributes to the control of glycolysis and is important for tumor cell proliferation and survival.
Subunit:
Monomer and homotetramer.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Nucleus.
Tissue Specificity:
Specifically expressed in proliferating cells, such as embryonic stem cells, embryonic carcinoma cells, as well as cancer cells.
Post-translational modifications:
ISGylated.
Under hypoxia, hydroxylated by EGLN3.
Acetylation at Lys-305 is stimulated by high glucose concentration, it decreases enzyme activity and promotes its lysosomal-dependent degradation via chaperone-mediated autophagy.
Similarity:
Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 5315 Human
Entrez Gene: 18746 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 25630 Rat
Omim: 179050 Human
SwissProt: P14618 Human
SwissProt: P5496 Mouse
SwissProt: P1396 Rat
Unigene: 534770 Human
Unigene: 326167 Mouse
Unigene: 405069 Mouse
Unigene: 1556 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
丙酮酸激酶（PK）有L、R、M1、M2四种同功酶，均为四聚体。
L型主要分布于肝脏，R型存在于红细胞，在结构、免疫学和动力学上十分相似，由同一基因调控；M1存在于肌肉中，M2分布于除上述以外的其他组织（尤以肾脏最多）以及胎儿各组织。PK也是一种癌胚蛋白，在恶性肿瘤中，增高的都是M2型。
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