background:
Cellulase is any of several enzymes produced chiefly by fungi, bacteria, and protozoans that catalyze cellulolysis, the decomposition of cellulose and of some related polysaccharides. Cellulases break down the cellulose molecule into monosaccharides ("simple sugars") such as beta-glucose, or shorter polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. Cellulose breakdown is of considerable economic importance, because it makes a major constituent of plants available for consumption and use in chemical reactions. The specific reaction involved is the hydrolysis of the 1,4-beta-D-glycosidic linkages in cellulose, hemicellulose, lichenin, and cereal beta-D-glucans. Because cellulose molecules bind strongly to each other, cellulolysis is relatively difficult compared to the breakdown of other polysaccharides such as starch.
Function:
Required for cellulose microfibrils formation. Involved in cell wall assembly during cell elongation and cell plate maturation in cytokinesis. Required for secondary cell wall formation in the developing xylem. May cycle through different intracellular compartments, including plasma membrane.
Subcellular Location:
Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Note=Cell plate.
Tissue Specificity:
Highly expressed in roots and stems, at intermediate levels in leaves and flowers, and at lower levels in siliques. Expressed in xylem (at protein level).
Post-translational modifications:
Glycosylated. N-glycosylation of KOR in the endoplasmic reticulum followed by N-glycan modifications in the Golgi are essential for catalytic activity.
Similarity:
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 9 (cellulase E) family.
Database links:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q38890.1
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
纤维素酶(cellulase) 它是与脱落直接有关的酶，菜豆、棉花和柑橘叶片脱落时，纤维素酶活性增加。从菜豆叶柄离区中分离出pI9.5和pI4.5(分别称为9.5或4.5纤维素酶)两种纤维素酶，前者与细胞壁木质化有关，受IAA调控；后者与细胞壁降解有关，受乙烯调控。测定柑橘小叶片离区的各个不同区段中的纤维素酶活性，发现酶活性最高的部位是在离区的近轴端（靠近茎的0.22mm处），所以纤维素酶的活性不一定与离层细胞的分开直接有关，而可能与离层分离后的保护层发育的关系更为直接。
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