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Rabbit Anti-GLUR4/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. These receptors are heteromeric protein complexes composed of multiple subunits, arranged to form ligand-gated ion channels. The classification of glutamate receptors is based on their activation by different pharmacologic agonists. The subunit encoded by this gene belongs to a family of AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate)-sensitive glutamate receptors, and is subject to RNA editing (AGA->GGA; R->G). Alternative splicing of this gene results in transcript variants encoding different isoforms, which may vary in their signal transduction properties.
Function:
Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate.
Subunit:
Homotetramer or heterotetramer of pore-forming glutamate receptor subunits. Tetramers may be formed by the dimerization of dimers. Interacts with EPB41L1 via its SLCterminus (By similarity).Found in a complex with GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA3, CNIH2, CNIH3, CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG5, CACNG7 and CACNG8. Interacts with CACNG5 and PRKCG (By similarity).
Subcellular Location:
Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell projection, dendrite. Note=Interaction with CNIH2, CNIH3 and PRKCG promotes cell surface expression (By similarity).
Tissue Specificity:
Detected in cerebellum (at protein level).
Post-translational modifications:
Palmitoylated. Depalmitoylated upon glutamate stimulation. Cys-611 palmitoylation leads to Golgi retention and decreased cell surface expression. In contrast, Cys-837 palmitoylation does not affect cell surface expression but regulates stimulation-dependent endocytosis (By similarity).
Phosphorylated at Ser-862 by PRKCG; phosphorylation increases plasma membrane-associated GRI4 expression (By similarity).
Similarity:
Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC1.A.10.1) family. GRIA4 subfamily.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 2893 Human
Entrez Gene: 529904 Cow
Entrez Gene: 2962 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 29629 Rat
Omim: 138246 Human
SwissProt: P9658 Human
SwissProt: Q9Z2W8 Mouse
SwissProt: P19493 Rat
Unigene: 503743 Human
Unigene: 209263 Mouse
Unigene: 10938 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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