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Rabbit Anti-GDF9/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
Growth factors synthesized by ovarian somatic cells directly affect oocyte growth and function. Growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF9) is expressed in oocytes and is thought to be required for ovarian folliculogenesis. GDF9 is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Function:
Required for ovarian folliculogenesis. Promotes primordial follicle development. Stimulates granulosa cell proliferation. Promotes cell transition from G0/G1 to S and G2/M phases, through an increase of CCND1 and CCNE1 expression, and RB1 phosphorylation. It regulates STAR expression and cAMP-dependent progesterone release in granulosa and thecal cells. Attenuates the suppressive effects of activin A on STAR expression and progesterone production by increasing the expression of inhibin B. It suppresses FST and FSTL3 production in granulosa-lutein cells.
Subunit:
Homodimer or heterodimer (Potential). But, in contrast to other members of this family, cannot be disulfide-linked (By similarity).
Subcellular Location:
Secreted (By similarity).
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in ovarian granulosa cells. Present in oocytes of primary follicles (at protein level).
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated; phosphorylation is critical for GDF9 function. In vitro, can be phosphorylated by CK at Ser-325.
DISEASE:
Note=Altered GDF9 function may be involved in ovarian disorders. Rare variants in GDF9 have been found in patients with premature ovarian failure and mothers of dizygotic twins.
Similarity:
Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 2661 Human
GenBank: NP_005251 Human
Omim: 601918 Human
SwissProt: O60383 Human
SwissProt: Q4VAW5 Human
Unigene: 25022 Human
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
GDF9属于转移生长因子–β(TGF-β)及骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)家族成员。
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