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Rabbit Anti-TSHR (NT)/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
The glycoprotein hormone receptor family consists of the luteinizing hormone receptor, the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor, and the thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) receptor. TSH, which is released from the pituitary gland, binds to the TSH receptor on thyroid cells to control size and function of the thyroid gland (De Felice et al. 2004). The TSH receptor signals through Gs to elevate intracellular cAMP in the thyroid gland, which regulates iodide uptake, and transcription of thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and sodium-iodide symporter. The TSH receptor also signals Gq and phospholipase C to regulat iodide efflux, H2O2 production, and thyroglobulin iodination. Autoimmunity to the TSH receptor causes hyperthyroidism (Graves disease) or hypothyroidism (Hashimoto thyroiditis) when the autoantibodies function as agonists or antagonists, respectively, at the TSH receptor (Rapoport and McLachlan, 2001; Davies et al., 2002). Millipore’s cloned human TSH receptor-expressing cell line is made in the Chem-10 host, which supports high levels of recombinant TSH receptor expression on the cell surface and contains high levels of the promiscuous G protein to couple the receptor to the calcium signaling pathway. Thus, the cell line is an ideal tool for screening for antagonists of interactions between TSH and its ligands.
Function:
Receptor for thyrothropin. Plays a central role in controlling thyroid cell metabolism. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. Also acts as a receptor for thyrostimulin (GPA2+GPB5).
Subunit:
Interacts (via the PDZ-binding motif) with SCRIB; regulates TSHR trafficking and function.
Subcellular Location:
Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in the thyroid.
DISEASE:
Note=Defects in TSHR are found in patients affected by hyperthyroidism with different etiologies. Somatic, constitutively activating TSHR mutations and/or constitutively activating G(s)alpha mutations have been identified in toxic thyroid nodules (TTNs) that are the predominant cause of hyperthyroidism in iodine deficient areas. These mutations lead to TSH independent activation of the cAMP cascade resulting in thyroid growth and hormone production. TSHR mutations are found in autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTN), toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG) and hyperfunctioning thyroid adenomas (HTA). TMNG encompasses a spectrum of different clinical entities, ranging from a single hyperfunctioning nodule within an enlarged thyroid, to multiple hyperfunctioning areas scattered throughout the gland. HTA are discrete encapsulated neoplasms characterized by TSH-independent autonomous growth, hypersecretion of thyroid hormones, and TSH suppression. Defects in TSHR are also a cause of thyroid neoplasms (papillary and follicular cancers).
Similarity:
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. FSH/LSH/TSH subfamily.
Contains 7 LRR (leucine-rich) repeats.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 7253 Human
Omim: 603372 Human
SwissProt: P16473 Human
Unigene: 123078 Human
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
TSHR是垂体前叶嗜碱细胞分泌的一种糖蛋白，直接作用于甲状腺，并能影响其结构功能。该抗体主要用于垂体肿瘤功能性分类的研究。
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