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Rabbit Anti-Annexin V/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the annexin family of calcium-dependent phospholipid binding proteins some of which have been implicated in membrane-related events along exocytotic and endocytotic pathways. Annexin 5 is a phospholipase A2 and protein kinase C inhibitory protein with calcium channel activity and a potential role in cellular signal transduction, inflammation, growth and differentiation. Annexin 5 has also been described as placental anticoagulant protein I, vascular anticoagulant-alpha, endonexin II, lipocortin V, placental protein 4 and anchorin CII. The gene spans 29 kb containing 13 exons, and encodes a single transcript of approximately 1.6 kb and a protein product with a molecular weight of about 35 kDa. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
Function:
This protein is an anticoagulant protein that acts as an indirect inhibitor of the thromboplastin-specific complex, which is involved in the blood coagulation cascade.
Subunit:
Monomer. Binds ATRX and EIF5B. Interacts with hepatitis B virus (HBV).
Subcellular Location:
Monomer. Binds ATRX and EIF5B. Interacts with hepatitis B virus (HBV).
Post-translational modifications:
S-nitrosylation is induced by interferon-gamma and oxidatively-modified low-densitity lipoprotein (LDL(ox)) possibly implicating the iNOS-S100A8/9 transnitrosylase complex.
DISEASE:
Defects in ANXA5 are associated with susceptibility to pregnancy loss, recurrent, type 3 (RPRGL3) [MIM:614391]. A common complication of pregnancy, resulting in spontaneous abortion before the fetus has reached viability. The term includes all miscarriages from the time of conception until 24 weeks of gestation. Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as 3 or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.
Similarity:
Belongs to the annexin family.
Contains 4 annexin repeats.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 308 Human
Entrez Gene: 11747 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 25673 Rat
Omim: 131230 Human
SwissProt: P08758 Human
SwissProt: P9636 Mouse
SwissProt: P14668 Rat
Unigene: 96653 Human
Unigene: 1620 Mouse
Unigene: 3318 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
膜粘连蛋白-5是一种分子量为35～36KD的Ca2+依赖性磷脂结合蛋白，能与PS高亲和力特异性结合。
将膜粘连蛋白5进行荧光素（FITC、PE）或biotin标记，以标记了的Annexin-V作为荧光探针，利用流式细胞仪或荧光显微镜可检测细胞凋亡的发生。
其意义：检测早期凋亡的细胞，同时可区分活细胞和坏死细胞
磷脂酰丝氨酸（Phosphatidylserine，PS）正常位于细胞膜的内侧，但在细胞凋亡的早期，PS可从细胞膜的内侧翻转到细胞膜的表面，暴露在细胞外环境中。
碘化丙啶（propidine iodide，PI）是一种核酸染料，它不能透过完整的细胞膜，但在凋亡中晚期的细胞和死细胞，PI能够透过细胞膜而使细胞核红染。因此将Annexin-V与PI匹配使用，就可以将凋亡早晚期的细胞以及死细胞区分开来。
将Annexin-V进行荧光素标记，检测早期凋亡的细胞
方法：
1 悬浮细胞的染色：将正常培养和诱导凋亡的悬浮细胞（0.5～1×106）用PBS洗2次，加入100ul Binding Buffer和FITC标记的Annexin-V（20ug/ml）10ul，室温避光30min，再加入PI（50ug/ml）5ul，避光反应5min后，加入400ul Binding Buffer，立即用FACScan进行流式细胞术定量检测（一般不超过1h）， 同时以不加AnnexinSLVFITC及PI的一管作为阴性对照。
2 贴壁培养的细胞染色：先用0.25%的胰酶消化，洗涤、染色和分析同悬浮细胞。
3 爬片细胞染色：同上，最后用荧光显微镜和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜进行观察。
注意事项：
1 整个操作动作要尽量轻柔，勿用力吹打细胞。
2 操作时注意避光，反应完毕后尽快在一小时内检测。
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