background:
The PHEX a 749 amino acid protein that putatively consists of an intracellular, transmembrane and extracellular domain. PHEX mutations have been observed in 60-80% of hypophosphatemic rickets patients. The PHEX protein, which is a single-pass membrane protein, is also designated HYP, X-linked hypophosphatemia protein or metalloendopeptidase homolog PEX. PHEX plays an active role in bone and dentin mineralization and renal phosphate re-absorption. X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets, also designated HYP, is an X-linked dominant disorder characterized by impaired phosphate uptake in the kidney, which is likely to be caused by abnormal regulation of sodium phosphate cotransport in the proximal tubules. Clinical manifestations include skeletal deformities, growth failure, craniosynostosis, paravertebral calcifications, pseudofractures in lower extremities, and muscular hypotonia with onset in early childhood.
Function:
Probably involved in bone and dentin mineralization and renal phosphate reabsorption.
Subcellular Location:
Membrane.
Tissue Specificity:
Lymphocytes and fetal brain; not in adult brain, placenta, skeletal muscle and pancreas; not in adult and fetal heart, lung, liver and kidney.
DISEASE:
Defects in PHEX are a cause of X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (HYP) [MIM:307800]. HYP is an X-linked dominant disorder characterized by impaired phosphate uptake in the kidney, which is likely to be caused by abnormal regulation of sodium phosphate cotransport in the proximal tubules. Clinical manifestations include skeletal deformities, growth failure, craniosynostosis, paravertebral calcifications, pseudofractures in lower extremities, and muscular hypotonia with onset in early childhood. X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets is the most common form of hypophosphatemia with an incidence of 1 in 20000.
Similarity:
Belongs to the peptidase M13 family.
Database links:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: P78562.1
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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