background:
The transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) is a 14-3-3-binding molecule. The highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed 14-3-3 proteins regulate differentiation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis by binding intracellular phosphoproteins involved in signal transduction. TAZ may link events at the plasma membrane and cytosketeton to nuclear transcription in a manner that can be regulated by 14-3-3. TAZ shares homology with the WW domain of Yes-associated protein (YAP) and functions as a transcriptional co-activator by binding to the PPXY motif present on transcription factors. TAZ recognizes immunoreactive protein bands in lysates from MDCK, NIH-3T3 and 293T cells. In addition, COS7, Hep G2, CHO and HeLa cells express endogenous TAZ. 14-3-3 binding requires TAZ phosphorylation on a single Serine 89 residue, resulting in the inhibition of TAZ transcriptional co-activation through 14-3-3-mediated nuclear export.
Function:
Transcriptional coactivator which acts as a downstream regulatory target in the Hippo signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein MST1/MST2, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. WWTR1 enhances PAX8 and NKX2-1/TTF1-dependent gene activation. Regulates the nuclear accumulation of SMADS and has a key role in coupling them to the transcriptional machinery such as the mediator complex. Regulates embryonic stem-cell self-renewal, promotes cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Concentrates along specific portions of the plasma membrane, and accumulates in punctate nuclear bodies.
Tissue Specificity:
Highly expressed in kidney, heart, placenta and lung. Expressed in the thyroid tissue.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated by LATS2 and STK3/MST2. Phosphorylation by LATS2 results in creation of 14-3-3 binding sites, retention in the cytoplasm, and functional inactivation. Phosphorylation results in the inhibition of transcriptional coactivation through YWHAZ-mediated nuclear export.
Similarity:
Contains 1 WW domain.
Database links:
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q9GZV5.1
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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