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Rabbit Anti-IGHD/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
Ig delta chain C region is an allelic product of the human IGHD gene. The two known IGHD alleles, IGHD*01 and IGHD*02, respectively produce isoforms 1, a secreted protein, and 2, a single-pass type I membrane protein. A member of the adaptive immune system, IgD antibodies are monomers expressed by activated B cells. Containing 3 Ig-like (immunoglobulin-like) domains, IgD chain C is located on chromosome 14 within the human heavy chain locus, lying on the 3’ side of the IgM chain C region from the SLVD-J cassette. Polyadenylation at certain sites along the heavy chain locus likely effects the mechanism that determines the alternative splicing event which results in the expression of either IgD chain C or IgM chain C. Some studies have suggested that antigenic coactivation of IgD+ B cells can have a negative influence on bone resorption during infectious events.
Function:
IgD is the major antigen receptor isotype on the surface of most peripheral B-cells, where it is coexpressed with IgM. The membrane-bound IgD (mIgD) induces the phosphorylation of CD79A and CD79B by the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases. Soluble IgD (sIgD) concentration in serum below those of IgG, IgA, and IgM but much higher than that of IgE. IgM and IgD molecules present on B cells have identical V regions and antigen-binding sites. After the antigen binds to the B-cell receptor, the secreted form sIgD is shut off. IgD is a potent inducer of TNF, IL1B, and IL1RN. IgD also induces release of IL6, IL10, and LIF from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Monocytes seem to be the main producers of cytokines in vitro in the presence of IgD.
Subunit:
Immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules consist of two chains, one heavy chain (which can be alpha, delta, epsilon, gamma or mu) and one light chain (which can be kappa or lambda) each consisting of a variable and a constant region. An IgD molecule contains thus a delta heavy chain combined with either a kappa or a lambda light chains. Kappa light chains are found predominantly on the membrane IgD (mIgD) form and lambda on the secreted IgD (sIgD) form, this fact is poorly understood. Membrane-bound IgD molecules are non-covalently associated with a heterodimer of CD79A and CD79B.
Subcellular Location:
Isoform 1: Secreted.
Isoform 2: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.
Similarity:
Contains 3 Ig-like (immunoglobulin-like) domains.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 3495 Human
Omim: 147170 Human
SwissProt: P0376 Human
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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