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Rabbit Anti-SP3/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
The Sp transcription factor family includes Sp1, Sp2, Sp3 (SPR-2) and Sp4 (SPR-1). Sp transcription factors share similar structures but do not share simi-lar functions. All four proteins contain a highly conserved DNA-binding domain composed of three zinc fingers at the SLCterminus. Sp family members bind the consensus sequence GGGGCGGGGC and other closely related sequences which are known as GC boxes. Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4 share a high affinity for GC boxes while Sp2 does not. Sp2 only weakly binds to GT boxes. Sp1, Sp2 and Sp3 are ubiquitously expressed, while Sp4 is abundantly expressed in brain with limited expression in other tissues. Sp1 and Sp3, but not Sp2 or Sp4, interact with E2, a regulatory element for the ∫4 subunit of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Sp3 is the only Sp member to inhibit Sp1 and Sp4 media
Function:
Transcriptional factor that can act as an activator or repressor depending on isoform and/or post-translational modifications. Binds to GT and GC boxes promoter elements. Competes with SP1 for the GSLCbox promoters. Weak activator of transcription but can activate a number of genes involved in different processes such as cell-cycle regulation, hormone-induction and house-keeping.
Subunit:
Interacts with HLTF; the interaction may be required for basal transcriptional activity of HLTF. Interacts with HDAC1; the interaction deacetylates SP3 and regulates its transcriptional activity. Interacts with HDAC2 (preferably the CK2-phosphorylated form); the interaction deacetylates SP3 and regulates its transcriptional activity. Interacts with MEIS2 isoform 4 and PBX1 isoform PBX1a.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus. Nucleus > PML body. Localizes to the nuclear periphery and in nuclear dots when sumoylated. Some localization in PML nuclear bodies.
Tissue Specificity:
Ubiquitously expressed.
Post-translational modifications:
Not glycosylated.
Acetylated by histone acetyltransferase p300, deacetylated by HDACs. Acetylation/deacetylation states regulate transcriptional activity. Acetylation appears to activate transcription. Alternate sumoylation and acetylation at Lys-551 also control transcriptional activity. Ceramides can also regulate acetylation/deacetylation events through altering the interaction of HDAC with SP3. In vitro, C(18)-ceramides, but not C(16)-ceramides, increase the interaction of HDAC1 with SP3 and enhance the deacetylation of SP3 and the subsequent repression of the TERT promoter.
Sumoylated on all isoforms. Sumoylated on 2 sites in longer isoforms with Lys-551 being the major site. Sumoylation at this site promotes nuclear localization to the nuclear periphery, nuclear dots and PML nuclear bodies. Sumoylation on Lys-551 represses the transactivation activity, except for the largest isoform, L-Sp3, which has little effect on transactivation. Alternate sumoylation and acetylation at Lys-551 also control transcriptional activity.
Similarity:
Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
Contains 3 C2H2-type zinc fingers.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 6670 Human
Entrez Gene: 20687 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 367846 Rat
Omim: 60364 Human
SwissProt: Q02447 Human
SwissProt: O70494 Mouse
Unigene: 531587 Human
Unigene: 124328 Mouse
Unigene: 446209 Mouse
Unigene: 465887 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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