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Rabbit Anti-Uroplakin Ia/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
The asymmetric unit membrane (AUM) forms numerous plaques, which cover the apical surface of the urothelium. These plaques are thought to strengthen the urothelium and reduce the risk of rupturing during ladder distention. They are composed of four major integral membrane proteins called uroplakins (UP). The uroplakin family comprises UPIa, UPIb, UPII, and UPIII. Family members are conserved among several species, including human, mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, pig and sheep. UPIa and UPIb form tightly packed structures with UPII and UPIII, respectively. This pairing is required for normal urothelial plaque formation and is regulated by proteolytic processing of the uroplakin proteins. Uroplakins are expressed in normal urothelium and are used as specific markers of urothelial differentiation. They are also expressed in a majority of transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder (TCCs), which make the uroplakins a useful marker for detecting bladder cancer metastasis and for staging and monitoring chemotherapeutic response.
Function:
Component of the asymmetric unit membrane (AUM); a highly specialized biomembrane elaborated by terminally differentiated urothelial cells. May play an important role in normal bladder epithelial physiology, possibly in regulating membrane permeability of superficial umbrella cells or in stabilizing the apical membrane through AUM/cytoskeletal interactions.
Subunit:
Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with uroplakin-2 (UPK2).
Subcellular Location:
Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Tissue Specificity:
High expression restricted to ureteric urothelium (most superficial cells); low expression in prostate. Expression in normal urothelial cells is lost in culture. Some expression in tumor cell lines derived from urothelial malignancies.
Similarity:
Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 11045 Human
Omim: 611557 Human
SwissProt: O00322 Human
SwissProt: Q3KNU5 Human
SwissProt: Q3KNU6 Human
Unigene: 159309 Human
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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