background:
Nanog is a newly identified homeodomain-bearing transcriptional factor. Nanog expression is specific to early embryos and pluripotential stem cells including mouse and human embryonic stem (ES) and embryonic germ (EG) cells. It is a key molecule involved in the signaling pathway for maintaining the capacity for self-renewal and pluripotency, bypassing regulation by the STAT3 pathway. Nanog mRNA is present in pluripotent mouse and human cell lines, and absent from differentiated cells. Nanog-deficient ES cells lose pluripotency and differentiate into extraembryonic endoderm lineage. Thus it is one of the molecular markers suitable for recognizing the undifferentiated state of stem cells in the mouse and human.
NANOG is a new marker for testicular carcinoma in situ and germ cell tumors.
NANOG is a gene expressed in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and is thought to be a key factor in maintaining pluripotency. NANOG thought to function in concert with other factors such as POU5F1 and SOX2 to establish ESC identity. These cells offer an important area of study because of their ability to maintain pluripotency. In other words, these cells have the ability to become virtually any cell of any of the three germ layers (endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm).
Function:
Transcription regulator involved in inner cell mass and embryonic stem (ES) cells proliferation and self-renewal. Imposes pluripotency on ES cells and prevents their differentiation towards extraembryonic endoderm and trophectoderm lineages. Blocks bone morphogenetic protein-induced mesoderm differentiation of ES cells by physically interacting with SMAD1 and interfering with the recruitment of coactivators to the active SMAD transcriptional complexes. Acts as a transcriptional activator or repressor. Binds optimally to the DNA consensus sequence 5'-TAAT[GT][GT]-3' or 5'-[CG][GA][CG]C[GC]ATTAN[GC]-3'. When overexpressed, promotes cells to enter into S phase and proliferation.
Subunit:
Interacts with SMAD1 and SALL4.
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in testicular carcinoma and derived germ cell tumors (at protein level). Expressed in fetal gonads, ovary and testis. Also expressed in ovary teratocarcinoma cell line and testicular embryonic carcinoma. Not expressed in many somatic organs and oocytes.
Similarity:
Belongs to the Nanog homeobox family.
Contains 1 homeobox DNA-binding domain.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 100293888 Human
Entrez Gene: 79923 Human
Entrez Gene: 71950 Mouse
Omim: 607937 Human
SwissProt: Q9H9S0 Human
Unigene: 635882 Human
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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