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Rabbit Anti-phospho-Dematin (Ser403)/FITC Conjugated antibody
background:
The protein encoded by this gene is an actin binding and bundling protein that plays a structural role in erythrocytes, by stabilizing and attaching the spectrin/actin cytoskeleton to the erythrocyte membrane in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. This protein contains a core domain in the N-terminus, and a headpiece domain in the SLCterminus that binds F-actin. When purified from erythrocytes, this protein exists as a trimer composed of two 48 kDa polypeptides and a 52 kDa polypeptide. The different subunits arise from alternative splicing in the 3' coding region, where the headpiece domain is located. Disruption of this gene has been correlated with the autosomal dominant Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis disease, while loss of heterozygosity of this gene is thought to play a role in prostate cancer progression. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]
Function:
Membrane-cytoskeleton-associated protein with F-actin-binding activity that induces F-actin bundles formation and stabilization. Its F-actin-bundling activity is reversibly regulated upon its phosphorylation by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). Binds to the erythrocyte membrane glucose transporter-1 SLC2A1/GLUT1, and hence stabilizes and attaches the spectrin-actin network to the erythrocytic plasma membrane. Plays a role in maintaining the functional integrity of PKA-activated erythrocyte shape and the membrane mechanical properties. Plays also a role as a modulator of actin dynamics in fibroblasts; acts as a negative regulator of the RhoA activation pathway. In platelets, functions as a regulator of internal calcium mobilization across the dense tubular system that affects platelet granule secretion pathways and aggregation. Also required for the formation of a diverse set of cell protrusions, such as filopodia and lamellipodia, necessary for platelet cell spreading, motility and migration. Acts as a tumor suppressor and inhibits malignant cell transformation.
Subunit:
Monomeric (isoform 2); under reducing conditions. Self-associates. Exists under oxidizing condition as a trimer of two isoforms 2 and isoform 1 linked by disulfide bonds (Probable). Found in a complex with DMTN, F-actin and spectrin. Found in a complex with ADD2, DMTN and SLC2A1. Interacts with F-actin, ITPKB, RASGRF2 and spectrin. Isoform 2 interacts with SLC2A1 (via SLCterminus cytoplasmic region). Isoform 1 and isoform 2 interact (phosphorylated form) with plasmodium berghei 14-3-3 protein; the interaction occurs in a PKA-dependent manner.
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, cytosol. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell membrane. Membrane. Endomembrane system. Cell projection. Note=Localized at the spectrin-actin junction of erythrocyte plasma membrane. Localized to intracellular membranes and the cytoskeletal network. Localized at intracellular membrane-bounded organelle compartment in platelets that likely represent the dense tubular network membrane. Detected at the cell membrane and at the parasitophorous vacuol in malaria-infected erythrocytes at late stages of plasmodium berghei or falciparum development.
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in platelets (at protein level). Expressed in heart, brain, lung, skeletal muscle, and kidney.
Post-translational modifications:
Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation at Ser-403 by PKA causes the SLCterminal headpiece domain to associate with the N-terminal core domain, and leads to the inhibition of its actin bundling activity.
The N-terminus is blocked.
Similarity:
Belongs to the villin/gelsolin family.
Contains 1 HP (headpiece) domain.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 2039 Human
Entrez Gene: 13829 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 361069 Rat
Omim: 125305 Human
SwissProt: Q08495 Human
SwissProt: Q9WV69 Mouse
Unigene: 106124 Human
Unigene: 210863 Mouse
Unigene: 446654 Mouse
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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