background:
Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are a large class of proteins involved in signal transduction pathways, which are activated by a range of stimuli and mediate a number of physiological and pathological changes in the cell. Dual specificity phosphatases (DUSPs) are a subclass of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) gene superfamily, which are selective for dephosphorylating critical phosphothreonine and phosphotyrosine residues within MAP kinases. DUSP gene expression is induced by a host of growth factors and/or cellular stresses, thereby negatively regulating MAP kinase superfamily members including MAPK/ERK, SAPK/JNK and p38. DUSP26, also designated LDP4, MKP8, NATA1 and SKRP3, is ubiquitously expressed in brain except in the hippocampus. DUSP26 dephosphorylates p38 thereby inhibiting p38-mediated apoptosis in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells. Downregulation of DUSP26 may also contribute to malignant phenotypes of glioma.
Function:
Inactivates MAPK1 and MAPK3 which leads to dephosphorylation of heat shock factor protein 4 and a reduction in its DNA-binding activity. Inhibits MAP kinase p38 by dephosphorylating it and inhibits p38-mediated apoptosis in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells. Can also induce activation of MAP kinase p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).
Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Golgi apparatus.
Tissue Specificity:
Brain. In the brain it is expressed ubiquitously except in the hippocampus. Expressed in embryonal cancers (retinoblastoma, neuroepithilioma and neuroblastoma) and in anaplatic thyroid cancer.
Similarity:
Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class dual specificity subfamily.
Contains 1 tyrosine-protein phosphatase domain.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 78986 Human
Entrez Gene: 426921 Chicken
Entrez Gene: 533896 Cow
Entrez Gene: 66959 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 100173535 Orangutan
Entrez Gene: 306527 Rat
SwissProt: Q17QJ3 Cow
SwissProt: Q9BV47 Human
SwissProt: Q9D700 Mouse
SwissProt: Q5R6H6 Orangutan
SwissProt: Q5FVI9 Rat
Unigene: 8719 Human
Unigene: 23916 Mouse
Unigene: 22231 Rat
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
|
|
