background:
IRG1 is a 481 amino acid protein that belongs to the prpD family and is encoded by a gene which maps to human chromosome 13. Comprising nearly 4% of the human genome, chromosome 13 contains around 114 million base pairs and encodes over 400 genes. Chromosome 13 houses key tumor suppressor genes, including BRCA2 and RB1, which are associated with breast cancer susceptibility and retinoblastoma, respectively. Trisomy 13, also known as Patau syndrome, is deadly and the few who survive past one year suffer from permanent neurologic defects, difficulty eating and vulnerability to serious respiratory infections
Function:
Involved in the inhibition of the inflammatory response. Acts as a negative regulator of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated inflammatory innate response by stimulating the tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein TNFAIP3 expression via reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS-tolerized macrophages. Involved in antimicrobial response of innate immune cells; IRG1-mediated itaconic acid production contributes to the antimicrobial activity of macrophages. Plays a role in the embryo implantation.
Subcellular Location:
Mitochondrion
Tissue Specificity:
Expressed in LPS-tolerized macrophages (at protein level). Expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), microglia and macrophage cells.
Similarity:
Belongs to the prpD family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 730249 Human
SwissProt: A6NK06 Human
Unigene: 160789 Human
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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