Function:
Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. May be involved in the formation of constitutive heterochromatin. May be required for chromosome segregation during cell division.
Subunit:
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. H2A or its variant H2AFV forms a heterodimer with H2B (By similarity).
Subcellular Location:
Nucleus. Chromosome.
Post-translational modifications:
Monoubiquitination of Lys-122 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression.
Similarity:
Belongs to the histone H2A family.
Database links:
Entrez Gene: 613618 Cow
Entrez Gene: 94239 Human
Entrez Gene: 77605 Mouse
Entrez Gene: 100328558 Rabbit
Entrez Gene: 444541 Xenopus laevis
Entrez Gene: 548932 Xenopus tropicalis
Entrez Gene: 252913 Zebrafish
SwissProt: Q32LA7 Cow
SwissProt: Q71UI9 Human
SwissProt: Q3THW5 Mouse
SwissProt: O62695 Rabbit
SwissProt: Q6GM74 Xenopus laevis
SwissProt: Q5BJ65 Xenopus tropicalis
SwissProt: Q71PD7 Zebrafish
Unigene: 488189 Human
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications.
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